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首页> 外文期刊>Hydrobiologia >Habitat complexity predicts the community diversity of rock-dwelling cichlid fish in Lake Malawi, East Africa
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Habitat complexity predicts the community diversity of rock-dwelling cichlid fish in Lake Malawi, East Africa

机译：人居环境的复杂性预测东非马拉维湖中栖息的丽鱼科鱼类的群落多样性

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摘要

Understanding the factors that regulate species diversity remains an important goal in ecology, conservation and evolutionary biology. Speciose communities, like the cichlid fishes in the East African Great Lakes, offer useful opportunities to examine these factors. For example, Lake Malawi supports well over 700 cichlid fish species which likely descended from a common ancestor within the past 2-4 million years. One consequence of this remarkable radiation is the high species diversity of Lake Malawi's cichlid communities. However, the factors facilitating the assembly and maintenance of species rich cichlid communities have yet to be fully identified. In this study, we examine the diversity of Lake Malawi's rock-dwelling cichlid communities and investigate the roles that several environmental variables have played in maintaining such high diversity. We surveyed 82 quadrats spanning seven sites and observed 54 species from 12 genera. Most environmental variables that we measured varied significantly within, but did not differ significantly among sampled sites, suggesting that habitat heterogeneity is locally high, but at the lake-wide scale habitats are uniformly heterogeneous. Community diversity was strongly influenced by habitat complexity, while community similarity was strongly dependent on the geographical distance between communities. At the genus level, no relationship between geographic distance and community similarity was found, but community composition was also determined by habitat complexity. Our findings demonstrate that habitat complexity predicts both cichlid species diversity and functional diversity, whereas geographic separation determines the similarities among communities at the species but not at the generic level.
机译：了解调节物种多样性的因素仍然是生态，保护和进化生物学的重要目标。像东非大湖中的丽鱼科鱼类这样的特殊群落，为检验这些因素提供了有益的机会。例如，马拉维湖支持700多种丽鱼科鱼类，这些鱼类可能是过去2-4百万年来共同祖先的后代。这种惊人的辐射的结果是马拉维湖的丽鱼科鱼群落的物种多样性很高。但是，促进物种丰富的丽鱼科动物群落的组装和维持的因素尚未完全确定。在这项研究中，我们研究了马拉维湖的石栖丽鱼科动物群落的多样性，并研究了几种环境变量在维持如此高的多样性中所起的作用。我们调查了横跨7个地点的82个四足动物，观察到12个属的54种。我们测量的大多数环境变量在采样点内变化很大，但在采样点之间没有显着差异，这表明栖息地异质性局部较高，但在整个湖域范围内，栖息地均一异质。群落多样性受到栖息地复杂性的强烈影响，而群落相似性则很大程度上取决于群落之间的地理距离。在属水平上，没有发现地理距离和社区相似性之间的关系，但社区组成也由栖息地的复杂性决定。我们的研究结果表明，栖息地的复杂性既可以预测丽鱼科动物的物种多样性，也可以预测功能多样性，而地理隔离则决定了物种之间群落的相似性，而不是通用水平。

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