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首页> 外文期刊>Hydrogeology journal >The current status of mapping karst areas and availability of public sinkhole-risk resources in karst terrains of the United States
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The current status of mapping karst areas and availability of public sinkhole-risk resources in karst terrains of the United States

机译：美国岩溶地区的岩溶地区制图现状和公共井下风险资源的可用性

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Subsidence from sinkhole collapse is a common occurrence in areas underlain by water-soluble rocks such as carbonate and evaporite rocks, typical of karst terrain. Almost all 50 States within the United States (excluding Delaware and Rhode Island) have karst areas, with sinkhole damage highest in Florida, Texas, Alabama, Missouri, Kentucky, Tennessee, and Pennsylvania. A conservative estimate of losses to all types of ground subsidence was $125 million per year in 1997. This estimate may now be low, as review of cost reports from the last 15 years indicates that the cost of karst collapses in the United States averages more than $300 million per year. Knowing when a catastrophic event will occur is not possible; however, understanding where such occurrences are likely is possible. The US Geological Survey has developed and maintains national-scale maps of karst areas and areas prone to sinkhole formation. Several States provide additional resources for their citizens; Alabama, Colorado, Florida, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Minnesota, Missouri, Ohio, and Pennsylvania maintain databases of sinkholes or karst features, with Florida, Kentucky, Missouri, and Ohio providing sinkhole reporting mechanisms for the public.
机译：塌陷塌陷是在溶岩典型的水溶性岩石（例如碳酸盐岩和蒸发岩）下的地区普遍发生的现象。美国几乎所有50个州（不包括特拉华州和罗德岛州）都有岩溶区，在佛罗里达州，德克萨斯州，阿拉巴马州，密苏里州，肯塔基州，田纳西州和宾夕法尼亚州，塌陷破坏程度最高。保守地估计，1997年所有类型地面塌陷造成的损失每年为1.25亿美元。由于过去15年的成本报告经过审查后发现，美国岩溶塌陷的损失平均比每年高出15％，因此这一估计现在可能已经很低了。每年3亿美元。无法知道什么时候会发生灾难性事件。但是，了解在何处可能发生此类事件是可能的。美国地质调查局已开发并维护了全国范围的喀斯特地区和容易形成塌陷区域的地图。几个国家为其公民提供更多资源;阿拉巴马州，科罗拉多州，佛罗里达州，印第安纳州，爱荷华州，肯塔基州，明尼苏达州，密苏里州，俄亥俄州和宾夕法尼亚州维护着坑洞或喀斯特地貌的数据库，佛罗里达州，肯塔基州，密苏里州和俄亥俄州为公众提供了坑洞报告机制。

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