In the present study geometrically and materially nonlinear response is considered in topology and shape optimization in order to introduce more realism into the structural design. Typical objectives are to minimize the weight or to maximize the structural ductility or the critical load factor of a construction. The crucial point of the optimization procedure is the sensitivity analysis. In case of path-dependent problems, such as elastoplasticity the sensitivities are also path-dependent and have to be determined after each incremental step. With respect to the specific features of either topology or shape optimization different methods of sensitivity analysis are applied. The entire optimization procedure is verified by several design problems. [References: 6]
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