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Host Specificity and Population Dynamics of a Sponge-endosymbiotic Bivalve

机译：海绵内共生双壳类动物的宿主特异性和种群动态

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摘要

We assessed the host-use pattern of the sponge-endosymbiotic bivalve Vulsella vulsella and its demographic consequences in an inland sea in Okinawa Island, Japan. Vulsella vulsella utilized only one massive globular sponge species Spongia sp. as a host, and no Spongia sp. without V. vulsella were found. Individual sponges contained 9-248 live bivalves and 0-222 dead bivalves. The densities of live and dead bivalves in individual sponges were approximately constant irrespective of sponge size, indicating that available space is very scarce inside each sponge. The size distribution of bivalves was skewed to small, young individuals less than 30 mm in shell height, although the estimated largest possible size was 106 mm. The bivalve population at each sampling date was composed of three yearly cohorts, and recruitment of juveniles occurred in the summer. The bivalves became sexually mature as males within one year after recruitment and changed sex from male to female as they grew. The size and sex distributions of the bivalve were largely similar among sponges regardless of sponge size, suggesting that the recruitment, growth, longevity, and sex change of the bivalve were strictly regulated, probably by the high water temperature and strong waves generated by typhoons in summer months.
机译：我们评估了在日本冲绳岛内陆海域的海绵状内共生双壳类双壳虫Vulsella vulsella的宿主使用模式及其人口统计学后果。 Vulsella vulsella仅利用一种块状球形海绵种Spongia sp。作为主人，没有Spongia sp。没有发现V. vulsella。单个海绵包含9-248个活双壳类和0-222个死双壳类。无论海绵大小如何，单个海绵中的活生生和死生的双壳类动物的密度都大致恒定，这表明每个海绵内部的可用空间非常稀缺。双壳类的大小分布偏向外壳高度小于30毫米的年轻个体，尽管估计的最大可能大小为106毫米。每个采样日的双壳类种群由每年的三个队列组成，少年的募集在夏季进行。在招募后的一年内，双壳类动物的性成熟为男性，随着年龄的增长，性别从男性变为女性。无论海绵大小如何，双壳动物的大小和性别分布在很大程度上相似，这表明双壳动物的募集，生长，寿命和性别变化受到严格的调节，这可能是由于台风产生的高水温和强波引起的。夏天的几个月。

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