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首页> 外文期刊>Zoological Science >High Degree of Mitochondrial Haplotype Diversity in the Japanease Common Toad Bufo japonicus in Urban Tokyo
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High Degree of Mitochondrial Haplotype Diversity in the Japanease Common Toad Bufo japonicus in Urban Tokyo

机译：东京市区日本普通蟾蜍蟾蜍的线粒体单倍型多样性高度

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摘要

The Japanese common toad Bufo japonicus is widely distributed across mainland Japan and is classified into two subspecies, B. japonicus japonicus and B. japonicus formosus, in the western and eastern regions, respectively. To investigate the genetic diversity of B. japonicus at the breeding pond (local population) level, we sequenced 831 base pairs of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome b (Cyt b) from 75 individuals collected from nine ponds in urban Tokyo and the surrounding area. Phylogenetic and population genetic analyses revealed high mtDNA haplotype diversity (Hd, 0.716 (mean) ± 0.230 (SD)) within local populations (breeding ponds). Most local populations had multiple haplotypes of the mitochondrial Cyt b gene, and seven of the 18 haplotypes were identified in two or more local populations. These results indicate that mitochondrial gene flow had occurred across different breeding sites. We also identified five haplotypes that belonged to the western clade and correspond to B. japonicus japonicus. Our results provide genetic evidence that B. japonicus japonicus was introduced artificially from Western Japan to Tokyo, where it occupied the natural habitat of B. japonicus formosus. The urban Tokyo area was found to represent an admixed population consisting of both native and non-native B. japonicus subspecies.
机译：日本普通蟾蜍蟾蜍在日本大陆广泛分布，并分别在西部和东部地区分为两个亚种，即日本B. japonicus japonicus和日本B. japonicus formosus。为了研究日本血吸虫的繁殖池（当地种群）水平的遗传多样性，我们从东京市区及周边地区的九个池塘采集的75个个体中，对831个碱基对的线粒体DNA（mtDNA）细胞色素b（Cyt b）进行了测序。 。系统发育和种群遗传学分析显示，当地种群（繁殖池）中的mtDNA单倍型多样性（Hd，0.716（平均值）±0.230（SD））。大多数本地人群具有线粒体Cyt b基因的多个单倍型，并且在两个或多个本地人群中鉴定出18个单倍型中的七个。这些结果表明线粒体基因流已发生在不同的繁殖地点。我们还确定了属于西部进化枝并对应于日本芽孢杆菌的五种单倍型。我们的结果提供了遗传证据，表明日本血吸虫是从日本西部人工引进到东京的，它占据了日本血吸虫的自然栖息地。发现东京市区代表了由本地和非本地日本血吸虫亚种组成的混合种群。

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