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首页> 外文期刊>Zoological Science >Effects of Water Management, Connectivity, and Surrounding Land Use on Habitat Use by Frogs in Rice Paddies in Japan
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Effects of Water Management, Connectivity, and Surrounding Land Use on Habitat Use by Frogs in Rice Paddies in Japan

机译：水管理，连通性和周围土地利用对日本稻田蛙栖息地利用的影响

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摘要

In Japan, rice paddies play an important role as a substitute habitat for wetland species, and support rich indigenous ecosystems. However, since the 1950s, agricultural modernization has altered the rice paddy environment, and many previously common species are now endangered. It is urgently necessary to evaluate rice paddies as habitats for conservation. Among the species living in rice paddies, frogs are representative and are good indicator species, so we focused on frog species and analyzed the influence of environmental factors on their habitat use. We found four frog species and one subspecies (Hyla japonica, Pelophylax nigromaculatus, Glandirana rugosa, Lithobates catesbeianus, and Pelophylax porosa brevipoda) at our study sites in Shiga prefecture. For all but L. catesbeianus, we analyzed the influence of environmental factors related to rice paddy structure, water management and availability, agrochemical use, connectivity, and land use on breeding and non-breeding habitat use. We constructed generalized additive mixed models with survey date as the smooth term and applied Akaike's information criterion to choose the best-ranked model. Because life histories and biological characteristics vary among species, the factors affecting habitat use by frogs are also expected to differ by species. We found that both breeding and non-breeding habitat uses of each studied species were influenced by different combinations of environmental factors and that in most cases, habitat use showed seasonality. For frog conservation in rice paddies, we need to choose favorable rice paddy in relation to surrounding land use and apply suitable management for target species.
机译：在日本，稻田作为湿地物种的替代栖息地发挥着重要作用，并支持丰富的本土生态系统。但是，自1950年代以来，农业现代化改变了稻田环境，许多以前很常见的物种现在受到威胁。迫切需要评估稻田作为保护生境。在生活在稻田中的物种中，青蛙是有代表性的物种，并且是很好的指示物种，因此我们重点研究青蛙物种，并分析环境因素对其栖息地利用的影响。我们在滋贺县的研究地点发现了4种青蛙和1个亚种（日本雨蛙，黑腹侧耳（Pelophylax nigromaculatus），皱兰（Glandirana rugosa），Cathosbeianus和紫背侧耳（Pelophylax porosa brevipoda）。对于除了L. catesbeianus以外的所有动物，我们分析了与稻田结构，水管理和可用性，农药使用，连通性以及土地使用等环境因素对繁殖和非繁殖栖息地利用的影响。我们构建了以调查日期为平滑项的广义加法混合模型，并应用Akaike的信息准则来选择排名最高的模型。由于物种的生活史和生物学特征各不相同，因此影响青蛙栖息地使用的因素也因物种而异。我们发现，每个研究物种的繁殖和非繁殖栖息地利用都受到环境因素不同组合的影响，并且在大多数情况下，栖息地利用表现出季节性。为了保护稻田中的青蛙，我们需要针对周围土地利用选择有利的稻田，并对目标物种进行适当的管理。

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