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首页> 外文期刊>Zoological Science >Daytime Habitat Selection by Introduced Eastern Cottontail Sylvilagus floridanus and Native European Hare Lepus europaeus in Northern Italy
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Daytime Habitat Selection by Introduced Eastern Cottontail Sylvilagus floridanus and Native European Hare Lepus europaeus in Northern Italy

机译：在意大利北部引入东部棉尾SSylvilagus floridanus和欧洲本地野兔欧洲猫的白天生境选择

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摘要

We used radiotelemetry to investigate resting sites habitat selection by introduced eastern cottontail (Sylvilagus floridanus) and native European hare (Lepus europaeus) under sympatric conditions. We tracked 24 hares and 34 cottontails in a protected area of northwestern Italy. Hares were found in different sites every week, while cottontails used the same site for two weeks, and occasionally for longer. It is supposed that this periodic nest switching reduces the risk of predation and parasitism. Hares and cottontails forms were located in different habitats and characterized by dense vegetation cover near the ground. This cover increased from winter to summer in both species, while in autumn it continued to increase in cottontails only, and decreased in hares. Cottontails selected shrubby habitats near the river, and avoided crop fields in all seasons. Hares were more adaptive in their search, using high herbs and shrubs all year round, wheat fields in spring, maize in spring and summer, and stubbles in winter. Arguably, partial niche differentiation is necessary to allow the coexistence of similar species. In our study area, hares and cottontails differentiated in the use of resting sites habitats, presumably so as not to compete in this part of their ecological niche.
机译：我们采用放射遥测技术，在同胞条件下，通过引入东部棉尾（Sylvilagus floridanus）和欧洲野兔（Lepus europaeus）研究休憩地的栖息地选择。我们在意大利西北部的保护区追踪了24野兔和34尾棉。每周都会在不同的地点发现野兔，而棉尾鹿在同一地点使用了两个星期，偶尔会花更长的时间。据推测，这种周期性的巢穴切换降低了捕食和寄生的风险。野兔和棉尾形式位于不同的栖息地，其特征是在地面附近茂密的植被覆盖。这两个物种从冬天到夏天的覆盖率都增加了，而到了秋天，只有棉尾巴才继续增加，而野兔则减少了。棉尾鹿在河边选择了灌木丛生的栖息地，并在所有季节都避开农田。野兔在搜索方面更具适应性，全年都使用高药草和灌木，春季使用麦田，春季和夏季使用玉米，冬季使用茬。可以说，部分生态位分化对于允许相似物种的共存是必要的。在我们的研究区域中，野兔和尾巴在休憩地栖息地的使用上有所区别，大概是为了不参与其生态位的这一部分。

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