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首页> 外文期刊>Zoological Science >Morphological and Genetic Variation Between the Japanese Populations of the Amphidromous Snail Stenomelania crenulata (Cerithioidea: Thiaridae)
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Morphological and Genetic Variation Between the Japanese Populations of the Amphidromous Snail Stenomelania crenulata (Cerithioidea: Thiaridae)

机译：日本两栖蜗牛螺种群间形态和遗传变异（Cerithioidea：Thiaridae）

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Freshwater gastropods often have limited dispersal capability and small geographic ranges, and face severe threats from habitat loss and degradation. However, in addition to the scarcity of knowledge on their life history traits, species taxonomy has not been adequately resolved and boundaries between intra- and interspecific variation remain unclear for many taxa. One such example of an indeterminate species boundary with implications for conservation issues is the relationship between the thiarid snails Stenomelania crenulata in Okinawa and southwards (ranked as CR+EN in the 2012 Japanese Red List) and S. rufescens in mainland Japan (VU). The results of our multidisciplinary investigation into variation in the shell morphology and mitochondrial (COI) and nuclear (ITS-1) gene sequences suggest that S. rufescens represents a geographic variant and a junior synonym of S. crenulata. The widespread geographic range of S. crenulata, spanning a few thousand kilometers north to south, is possible due to an amphidromous life cycle that involves a marine planktotrophic larval phase and upstream migration after settlement in estuaries. Nevertheless, there is recognizable morphological and genetic differentiation between distant populations, probably reflecting a relatively short pelagic duration and possibly also infrequent transoceanic dispersal; metamorphic competence is achieved in two weeks in full seawater and even more rapidly in brackish water. The Okinawan population, with only a few known localities, therefore deserves the high conservation priority; conservation efforts need to involve the proper maintenance of migration pathways including all marine, brackish and freshwater environments.
机译：淡水腹足动物通常具有有限的扩散能力和较小的地理范围，并且面临着栖息地丧失和退化的严重威胁。然而，除了缺乏关于其生活史特征的知识外，物种分类学还没有得到充分解决，种内和种间变异之间的界限对于许多生物分类而言仍然不清楚。不确定的物种边界对保护问题的影响的一个例子是冲绳和南部的噻虫蜗牛Stenomelania crenulata（在2012年日本红色名录中排名为CR + EN）与日本大陆的红景天（VU）之间的关系。我们对壳形态和线粒体（COI）以及核（ITS-1）基因序列变异进行多学科研究的结果表明，ru.scens代表了地理变异和S. crenulata的初级同义词。由于两栖动物的生命周期涉及海洋浮生幼虫期以及在河口定居后向上游迁移，因此可能存在从北到南数千公里的宽阔分布。尽管如此，远处种群之间仍存在可识别的形态学和遗传学差异，这可能反映了中上层持续时间相对较短，也可能不经常发生跨洋扩散。在充满海水的环境中，变态能力可以在两周内实现，在微咸水中则可以更快地实现。因此，只有少数几个已知地区的冲绳人口值得高度重视。保护工作需要适当地维护包括所有海洋，咸淡水和淡水环境在内的迁移途径。

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