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首页> 外文期刊>Vaccine >Epidemiology of Human Papillomavirus Infection and Cervical Cancer and Future Perspectives in Hong Kong, Singapore and Taiwan
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Epidemiology of Human Papillomavirus Infection and Cervical Cancer and Future Perspectives in Hong Kong, Singapore and Taiwan

机译：香港，新加坡和台湾地区人类乳头瘤病毒感染和宫颈癌的流行病学及未来展望

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Hong Kong, Singapore and Taiwan are three island states that are newly emerged affluent economic areas in Asia. The majority of the populations are ethnically Chinese with a total population of 6.98, 4.5 and 23 million, respectively. Cervical cancer has been declining over the last thirty years in all three states and is largely attributable to widespread opportunistic cervical cancer screening. The age-standardized incidence rates of cervical cancer are 9.6 per 100,000 women in Hong Kong in 2004, 10.6 per 100,000 women in Singapore in 2002 and 18.6 per 100,000 women in Taiwan in 2003. High prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) was observed in all three states. In cervical cancer, HPV 16 and 18 are the two most prevalent HPV types, but HPV 58 and 52 are also highly prevalent in these three states. Important epidemiological risk factors for invasive cervical cancer include smoking and age at sexual debut for women, although this is changing towards an earlier age.Of the three states, Taiwan was the first to have a comprehensive national screening programme in 1995 followed by Hong Kong in 2002 and Singapore in 2004. Women in these three states are well aware of cervical cancer and the preventative means by Pap smear screening, although their awareness and understanding of the role of HPV in cervical carcinogenesis is low. Prophylactic HPV vaccines have been licensed in the three states. Routine comprehensive public vaccination programme for adolescent girls has yet to be adopted by the governmental agency, despite an affirmative recommendation by medical professional bodies. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：香港，新加坡和台湾是三个新兴的亚洲富裕经济体岛国。大多数人口是华裔，总人口分别为6.98、4.5和2300万。在过去的三十年中，这三个州的宫颈癌一直在下降，这在很大程度上归因于广泛的机会性宫颈癌筛查。宫颈癌的年龄标准化发病率2004年，香港每10万名妇女中9.6例，2002年新加坡每10万名妇女中10.6例，台湾2003年每100,000名妇女中18.6例。在所有人群中均观察到人类乳头瘤病毒的高流行三个状态。在宫颈癌中，HPV 16和18是两种最普遍的HPV类型，但是HPV 58和52在这三种状态中也非常普遍。侵袭性宫颈癌的重要流行病学风险因素包括女性吸烟和性行为初次出现的年龄，尽管这正朝着更早年龄发展。在这三个州中，台湾是1995年第一个实施全面国家筛查计划的国家，随后是香港。 2002年和2004年的新加坡。这三个州的妇女对宫颈癌和宫颈涂片检查的预防手段非常了解，尽管他们对HPV在宫颈癌变中的作用的认识和了解很低。预防性HPV疫苗已在三个州获得许可。尽管医学专业机构提出了肯定的建议，但政府机构尚未通过针对少女的常规综合疫苗接种计划。 （c）2008 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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