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Rotavirus strains circulating in Africa during 1996-1999: emergence of G9 strains and P[6] strains

机译：1996-1999年在非洲传播的轮状病毒株：G9株和P [6]株的出现

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Rotavirus infection is associated with 150,000-200,000 deaths annually in Africa. Although the withdrawal of the RotaShield(R) vaccine has been a major setback in rotavirus vaccine development, new vaccine candidates are under development and approaching phase 11 and III trials. Before these trials could be conducted in Africa, a comprehensive survey of the circulating VP7 serotypes and VP4 genotypes is required. During the past 3 years, over 3000 rotavirus-positive specimens from several African countries have been analysed. RT-PCR techniques for the VP7 and VP4 genotypes and by monoclonal antibodies to the VP6 subgroup and VP7 serotype have been performed. Almost 75% of the strains were typed by the VP7 monoclonal antibodies or RT-PCR. VP4 genotyping was done in approximately half of these strains. The predominant strains circulating across Africa during 1996-1999 were P[6]G1 and P[6]G3 strains. Geographic differences were noted and West Africa displayed the most diverse strains with G3/8 and G1/3 "mosaic" viruses occurring commonly. G9 strains were identified in several countries indicating that the strain is emerging in Africa too. G9 was the predominant strain in certain countries during 1999. The circulating types observed will have implications for the new rotavirus vaccine candidates.
机译：在非洲，轮状病毒感染每年导致150,000-200,000例死亡。尽管RotaShield（R）疫苗的撤回已成为轮状病毒疫苗开发的主要挫折，但新的候选疫苗仍在开发中，即将进入11和III期试验。在非洲进行这些试验之前，需要对循环中的VP7血清型和VP4基因型进行全面调查。在过去的三年中，已经对来自多个非洲国家的3000多个轮状病毒阳性标本进行了分析。进行了针对VP7和VP4基因型的RT-PCR技术，以及针对VP6亚型和VP7血清型的单克隆抗体。几乎75％的菌株通过VP7单克隆抗体或RT-PCR进行分型。在这些菌株的大约一半中进行了VP4基因分型。 1996-1999年间在非洲传播的主要菌株为P [6] G1和P [6] G3菌株。注意到地理上的差异，并且西非显示出最常见的G3 / 8和G1 / 3“马赛克”病毒。在几个国家鉴定出G9毒株，表明该毒株也在非洲出现。 G9是1999年某些国家的主要菌株。观察到的循环类型将对新的轮状病毒疫苗候选者产生影响。

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