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Development pathway for biodefense vaccines

机译:生物防御疫苗的发展途径

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At the present time it is estimated that the process of development of a vaccine from discovery to licensure takes approximately 18-20 years and costs in excess of US$ 500 million. For "routine" vaccines, the case for developing a vaccine is straightforward in terms of economics and large scale public health utilization each year. For vaccines used for biodefense and emerging diseases, the considerations are somewhat different as the vaccine may not be needed every year to control outbreaks and may be stockpiled only as a countermeasure that hopefully may never be needed. Furthermore, efficacy trials are often difficult as the natural disease may be rare or not present. Consequently, animal models will play a critical role in demonstrating efficacy. Nonetheless, the vaccine pathway still requires the same fundamental components of basic science/discovery, preclinical development, clinical trials, registration/licensure, and a plan for implementation
机译:目前,据估计,从发现到获得许可的疫苗开发过程大约需要18-20年,费用超过5亿美元。对于“常规”疫苗,每年从经济和大规模公共卫生利用的角度出发,开发疫苗的理由很简单。对于用于生物防御和新兴疾病的疫苗,考虑因素有所不同,因为可能不一定每年都需要疫苗来控制疫情爆发,并且只能将其储存起来,以作为希望永远不需要的对策。此外,由于天然疾病可能罕见或不存在,因此功效试验通常很困难。因此,动物模型将在证明功效中起关键作用。尽管如此,疫苗途径仍需要基础科学/发现,临床前开发,临床试验,注册/许可以及实施计划的相同基本组成部分

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