...
  • 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文期刊>Vaccine >Childhood mortality after oral polio immunisation campaign in Guinea-Bissau
【24h】

Childhood mortality after oral polio immunisation campaign in Guinea-Bissau

机译：几内亚比绍口服脊髓灰质炎免疫运动后的儿童死亡率

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
           
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

Though previous studies have suggested a non-specific beneficial effect of oral polio vaccine (OPV), there has been no evaluation of the mortality impact of national polio immunization days. On the other hand, studies examining the effect of OPV and diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) vaccines, which are usually administered together in routine immunisation programmes in low-income countries, have found no beneficial or even a negative effect on infant survival. In 1998, we used the opportunity of two national immunisation days to examine the impact of OPV administered alone on survival for the 6103 children less than 5 years of age in the Bandim Health Project's study area in Guinea-Bissau. Survival was ascertained through regular surveillance from March 1998 until the beginning of the war on June 7, 1998, the end of 1998, or the end of 1999, respectively. The child register was linked with a register for the only paediatric ward in Bissau to determine the risk of hospitalisations. Among children under 5 years of age, 82% had received 1 or 2 doses of polio vaccines during the campaign. Though polio vaccination during the campaign was associated with slightly lower mortality, this difference was not significant for all children under 5 years of age (mortality ratio (MR)=0.46 (0.18-1.15)). However, oral polio vaccination was associated with a beneficial effect for children under 6 months of age at the time of the campaign, the mortality ratio being 0.09 (95% CI 0.01-0.85) in the 3 months before the war controlling for significant background factors, including routine immunizations, antenatal consultations, and arm circumference. The polio-vaccinated children aged 0-5 months had fewer hospitalisations than children who had not been polio vaccinated (RR=0.27 (0.10-0.76)). With longer follow-up to December 1998 or December 1999, the difference in mortality gradually disappeared, the MR for polio-vaccinated children being 0.61 (0.32-1.14) and 0.83 (0.51-1.34), respectively. Among children aged 6-59 months of age, measles vaccine was associated with a 56% reduction in mortality (MR=0.44 (0.28-0.69)) and no effect of oral polio vaccine was measurable in this age group. The effect of polio vaccine among children less than 6 months of age could be due to selection bias but might also represent a non-specific beneficial immune stimulation and there is nothing to suggest that OPV might have a negative effect on infant survival. Studies of the possible non-specific effects of oral polio vaccine are warranted before OPV is withdrawn.
机译：尽管先前的研究表明口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗（OPV）具有非特异性的有益作用，但尚未评估国家脊髓灰质炎免疫日的死亡率影响。另一方面，研究通常在低收入国家的常规免疫接种方案中一起使用的OPV和白喉-破伤风-百日咳（DTP）疫苗效果的研究发现，对婴儿存活率没有任何有益甚至负面影响。 1998年，我们利用两次全国免疫日的机会，检查了几内亚比绍Bandim Health Project研究区域中单独施用OPV对6103岁以下5岁以下儿童的存活率的影响。从1998年3月至1998年6月7日战争开始，1998年底或1999年底分别进行定期监视，以确保生存。儿童登记簿与比绍唯一的儿科病房的登记簿相关联，以确定住院的风险。在运动期间，年龄在5岁以下的儿童中有82％接受了1或2剂脊髓灰质炎疫苗。尽管运动期间进行的小儿麻痹症疫苗接种与死亡率略低有关，但对于所有5岁以下的儿童而言，这种差异并不显着（死亡率（MR）= 0.46（0.18-1.15））。但是，战役时口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗对6个月以下的儿童具有有益的作用，战前3个月控制重大背景因素的死亡率为0.09（95％CI 0.01-0.85） ，包括常规免疫，产前检查和手臂围度。 0-5个月大的接受小儿麻痹症疫苗接种的儿童比未接受小儿麻痹症疫苗接种的儿童住院率低（RR = 0.27（0.10-0.76））。随着随访时间延长至1998年12月或1999年12月，死亡率的差异逐渐消失，脊髓灰质炎疫苗接种儿童的MR分别为0.61（0.32-1.14）和0.83（0.51-1.34）。在6-59个月大的儿童中，麻疹疫苗可使死亡率降低56％（MR = 0.44（0.28-0.69）），并且在该年龄组无法测量口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗的效果。脊髓灰质炎疫苗对6个月以下儿童的影响可能是由于选择偏见，但也可能代表了非特异性的有益免疫刺激作用，没有证据表明OPV可能对婴儿生存产生负面影响。在撤回口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗之前，有必要对口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗的可能的非特异性作用进行研究。

著录项

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号