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首页> 外文期刊>Vadose zone journal VZJ >The Soil Moisture Active Passive Marena, Oklahoma, In Situ Sensor Testbed (SMAP-MOISST): Testbed Design and Evaluation of In Situ Sensors
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The Soil Moisture Active Passive Marena, Oklahoma, In Situ Sensor Testbed (SMAP-MOISST): Testbed Design and Evaluation of In Situ Sensors

机译：俄克拉荷马州土壤水分主动被动式Marena，原位传感器测试台（SMAP-MOISST）：原位传感器测试台设计和评估

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摘要

In situ soil moisture monitoring networks are critical to the development of soil moisture remote sensing missions as well as agricultural and environmental management, weather forecasting, and many other endeavors. These in situ networks utilize a variety of sensors and installation practices, which confounds the development of a unified reference database for satellite calibration and validation programs. As part of the Soil Moisture Active Passive Mission, the Marena, Oklahoma, In Situ Sensor Testbed (SMAP-MOISST) was initiated to perform inter-comparisons and study sensor limitations. Soil moisture sensors that are deployed in major monitoring networks were included in the study, along with new and emerging technologies, such as the Cosmic Ray Soil Moisture Observing System (COSMOS), passive/active distributed temperature sensing (DTS), and global positioning system reflectometers (GPSR). Four profile stations were installed in May of 2010, and soil moisture was monitored to a depth of 1 m on an hourly basis. The four stations were distributed within a circular domain of approximately 600 m diameter, adequate to encompass the sensing range of COSMOS. The sensors included in the base station configuration included the Stevens Water Hydra Probe, Campbell Scientific 616 and 229, Decagon EC-TM, Delta-T Theta Probe, Acclima, and Sentek EnviroSMART capacitance system. In addition, the Pico TRIME system and additional time-domain reflectometry (TDR) systems were deployed when available. It was necessary to apply site-specific calibration to most sensors to reach an RMSE below 0.04 m(3) m(-3). For most sensor types, a single near surface sensor could be scaled to represent the areal-average of a field domain by simple linear regression, resulting in RMSE values around 0.03 m(3) m(-3).
机译：原位土壤水分监测网络对于土壤水分遥感任务的发展以及农业和环境管理，天气预报以及许多其他努力至关重要。这些原位网络利用各种传感器和安装方法，这混淆了用于卫星校准和验证程序的统一参考数据库的开发。作为土壤水分主动被动任务的一部分，俄克拉荷马州马雷纳（Marena）的原位传感器测试台（SMAP-MOISST）进行了比较，并研究了传感器的局限性。这项研究包括了在主要监测网络中部署的土壤湿度传感器，以及新兴技术，例如宇宙射线土壤湿度观测系统（COSMOS），被动/主动分布式温度传感（DTS）和全球定位系统反射仪（GPSR）。 2010年5月安装了四个剖面站，每小时对土壤湿度进行1 m深度监测。这四个站分布在直径约600 m的圆形区域内，足以涵盖COSMOS的感应范围。基站配置中包括的传感器包括史蒂文斯（Stevens）水九头蛇探头，Campbell Scientific 616和229，Decagon EC-TM，Delta-T Theta探头，Aclimma和Sentek EnviroSMART电容系统。此外，在可用时，还会部署Pico TRIME系统和其他时域反射仪（TDR）系统。有必要对大多数传感器应用特定于站点的校准，以使RMSE低于0.04 m（3）m（-3）。对于大多数传感器类型，可以通过简单的线性回归对单个近表面传感器进行缩放以表示场域的面积平均值，从而得出RMSE值约为0.03 m（3）m（-3）。

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