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首页> 外文期刊>Zoologica Scripta: An International Journal of Evolutionary Zoology >Cenozoic mystery birds - on the phylogenetic affinities of bony-toothed birds (Pelagornithidae)
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Cenozoic mystery birds - on the phylogenetic affinities of bony-toothed birds (Pelagornithidae)

机译：新生代神秘鸟类-关于齿状鸟类（Pelagornithidae）的系统亲缘关系

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摘要

The extinct Cenozoic bony-toothed birds (Pelagornithidae) are characterized by the occurrence of unique spiky projections of the osseous jaws and are among the most distinctive neornithine taxa. Earlier authors considered these marine birds to be most closely related to 'Pelecaniformes' or Procellariiformes, but recent phylogenetic analyses resulted in a sister group relationship to Anseriformes. This latter hypothesis was, however, coupled with a non-monophyly of galloanserine or even neognathous birds, which is not supported by all other current analyses. The character evidence for anseriform affinities of pelagornithids is thus reassessed, and it is detailed that the alleged apomorphies cannot be upheld. Pelagornithids lack some key apomorphies of galloanserine birds, and analysis of 107 anatomical characters did not support anseriform affinities, but resulted in a sister group relationship between Pelagornithidae and Galloanseres. By retaining a monophyletic Galloanseres, this result is in better accordance with widely acknowledged hypotheses on the higher-level phylogeny of birds. The (Pelagornithidae + Galloanseres) clade received, however, only weak bootstrap support, and some characters, such as the presence of an open frontoparietal suture, may even support a position of Pelagornithidae outside crown-group Neognathae.
机译：灭绝的新生代骨齿鸟（Pelagornithidae）的特征是出现了骨颚独特的尖刺状突起，并且是最独特的新鸟氨酸类群之一。较早的作者认为这些海鸟与“千足动物”或“ Procellariiformes”关系最密切，但最近的系统发育分析导致它们与“ Anseriformes”有姐妹关系。然而，后一种假设与非单性的没食子儿乃至新生的鸟类有关，这在当前所有其他分析中均未得到支持。因此，重新评估了伯乐藻的无亲缘关系的特征证据，并且详细说明了不能维持所谓的无性生殖。 Pelagornithids缺乏一些重要的鸡五味子鸟的亚型，对107个解剖特征的分析不支持anseriform亲和力，但导致了Pelagornithidae和Galloanseres之间的姐妹群关系。通过保留单系的Galloanseres，该结果更好地与广泛认可的鸟类高级系统发育假设相一致。 （Pelagornithidae + Galloanseres）进化枝只获得了较弱的自举支撑，并且某些字符（例如开放的前额叶缝线的存在）甚至可能支持了Pelagornithidae在冠群Neognathae之外的位置。

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