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首页> 外文期刊>Dalton transactions: An international journal of inorganic chemistry >Synthesis and bio-functionalization of magnetic nanoparticles for medical diagnosis and treatment
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Synthesis and bio-functionalization of magnetic nanoparticles for medical diagnosis and treatment

机译：磁性纳米粒子的合成和生物功能化，用于医学诊断和治疗

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摘要

The synthesis of multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) is a highly active area of current research located at the interface between materials science, biotechnology and medicine. By virtue of their unique physical properties magnetic nanoparticles are emerging as a new class of diagnostic probes for multimodal tracking and as contrast agents for MRI. Furthermore, they show great potential as carriers for targeted drug and gene delivery, since reactive agents, such as drug molecules or large biomolecules (including genes and antibodies), can easily be attached to their surface. On the other hand, the fate of the nanoparticles inside the body is mainly determined by the interactions with its local environment. These interactions strongly depend upon the size of the magnetic NPs but also on the individual surface characteristics, like charge, morphology and surface chemistry. This review not only summarizes the most common synthetic approaches for the generation of magnetic NPs, it also focuses on different surface modification strategies that are used today to enhance the biocompatibility of these NPs. Finally, key considerations for the application of magnetic NPs in biomedicine, as well as various examples for the utilization in multimodal imaging and targeted gene delivery are presented.
机译：多功能磁性纳米粒子（NPs）的合成是当前研究的一个非常活跃的领域，位于材料科学，生物技术和医学之间。凭借其独特的物理特性，磁性纳米颗粒正成为用于多峰跟踪的新型诊断探针以及作为MRI的造影剂。此外，它们具有作为靶向药物和基因递送载体的巨大潜力，因为诸如药物分子或大生物分子（包括基因和抗体）的反应剂可以轻松地附着在其表面。另一方面，体内纳米颗粒的命运主要取决于与其局部环境的相互作用。这些相互作用在很大程度上取决于磁性NP的大小，还取决于各个表面特征，例如电荷，形态和表面化学性质。这篇综述不仅总结了产生磁性NP的最常用的合成方法，还着重介绍了当今用于增强这些NP的生物相容性的不同表面修饰策略。最后，介绍了磁性NP在生物医学中的应用的主要考虑因素，以及在多峰成像和靶向基因传递中的各种应用实例。

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