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首页> 外文期刊>Development >The cytoplasm of mouse germinal vesicle stage oocytes can enhance somatic cell nuclear reprogramming.
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The cytoplasm of mouse germinal vesicle stage oocytes can enhance somatic cell nuclear reprogramming.

机译：小鼠生水泡阶段卵母细胞的细胞质可以增强体细胞核的重编程。

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摘要

In mammalian cloning, evidence suggests that genomic reprogramming factors are located in the nucleus rather than the cytoplasm of oocytes or zygotes. However, little is known about the mechanisms of reprogramming, and new methods using nuclear factors have not succeeded in producing cloned mice from differentiated somatic cell nuclei. We aimed to determine whether there are functional reprogramming factors present in the cytoplasm of germinal vesicle stage (GV) oocytes. We found that the GV oocyte cytoplasm could remodel somatic cell nuclei, completely demethylate histone H3 at lysine 9 and partially deacetylate histone H3 at lysines 9 and 14. Moreover, cytoplasmic lysates of GV oocytes promoted somatic cell reprogramming and cloned embryo development, when assessed by measuring histone H3-K9 hypomethylation, Oct4 and Cdx2 expression in blastocysts, and the production of cloned offspring. Thus, genomic reprogramming factors are present in the cytoplasm of the GV oocyte and could facilitate cloning technology. This finding is also useful for research on the mechanisms involved in histone deacetylation and demethylation, even though histone methylation is thought to be epigenetically stable.
机译：在哺乳动物的克隆中，证据表明基因组重编程因子位于卵母细胞或合子的细胞核而不是细胞质中。但是，关于重编程的机制知之甚少，并且使用核因子的新方法尚未成功地从分化的体细胞核中产生克隆小鼠。我们旨在确定生小泡阶段（GV）卵母细胞的细胞质中是否存在功能性重编程因子。我们发现，GV卵母细胞的细胞质可以重塑体细胞核，在赖氨酸9处使组蛋白H3完全脱甲基，在赖氨酸9和14处使组蛋白H3部分脱乙酰化。此外，当GV卵母细胞的细胞质裂解物通过以下方法评估时，可以促进体细胞重编程和克隆胚胎发育测量组蛋白H3-K9的甲基化不足，囊胚中Oct4和Cdx2的表达以及克隆后代的产生。因此，基因组重编程因子存在于GV卵母细胞的细胞质中，并且可以促进克隆技术。即使组蛋白甲基化被认为是表观遗传学上稳定的，这一发现对于研究组蛋白去乙酰化和去甲基化的机理也很有用。

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