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Diversity of epithelial morphogenesis during eggshell formation in drosophilids

机译:果蝇卵壳形成过程中上皮形态发生的多样性

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摘要

The eggshells of drosophilid species provide a powerful model for studying the origins of morphological diversity. The dorsal appendages, or respiratory filaments, of these eggshells display a remarkable interspecies variation in number and shape, and the epithelial patterning underlying the formation of these structures is an area of active research. To extend the analysis of dorsal appendage formation to include morphogenesis, we developed an improved 3D image reconstruction approach. This approach revealed considerable interspecies variation in the cell shape changes and neighbor exchanges underlying appendage formation. Specifically, although the appendage floor in Drosophila melanogaster is formed through spatially ordered neighbor exchanges, the same structure in Scaptodrosophila pattersoni is formed through extreme changes in cell shape, whereas Drosophila funebris appears to display a combination of both cellular mechanisms. Furthermore, localization patterns of Par3/Bazooka suggest a self-organized, cell polarity-based origin for the variability of appendage number in S. pattersoni. Our results suggest that species deploy different combinations of apically and basally driven mechanisms to convert a two-dimensional primordium into a three-dimensional structure, and provide new directions for exploring the molecular origins of interspecies morphological variation.
机译:果蝇物种的蛋壳为研究形态多样性的起源提供了强大的模型。这些蛋壳的背面附属物(或呼吸丝)在种类和数量上显示出明显的种间差异,而形成这些结构的上皮模式是活跃研究的领域。为了扩展对背肢形成的分析以包括形态发生,我们开发了一种改进的3D图像重建方法。这种方法揭示了细胞形状变化和附属物形成下的邻居交换的种间差异。具体而言,尽管果蝇的附肢底部是通过空间有序的邻居交换形成的,但果蝇中的相同结构是通过细胞形状的极端变化而形成的,而果蝇的果蝇似乎表现出两种细胞机制的结合。此外,Par3 /火箭筒的定位模式表明一种自组织的,以细胞极性为基础的起源,用于帕氏链球菌的附肢数变异。我们的研究结果表明物种部署顶和基础驱动机制的不同组合,将二维原基转变为三维结构,并为探索物种间形态变异的分子起源提供了新的方向。

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