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首页> 外文期刊>Development >Shisa2 promotes the maturation of somitic precursors and transition to the segmental fate in Xenopus embryos.
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Shisa2 promotes the maturation of somitic precursors and transition to the segmental fate in Xenopus embryos.

机译：Shisa2促进了非洲爪蟾胚胎中体节前体的成熟并过渡到节段性命运。

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摘要

In vertebrate somitogenesis, FGF and Wnt signals constitute a morphogenetic gradient that controls the maturation of the presomitic mesoderm (PSM) as well as the transition to segmental units. It remains unclear, however, whether there is a regulatory mechanism that promotes the transition by a direct regulation of FGF and Wnt signaling in the PSM. Here we show that Shisa2, a member of a novel Shisa gene family, plays an essential role in segmental patterning during Xenopus somitogenesis. Shisa2 encodes an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein that cell-autonomously inhibits FGF and Wnt signaling by preventing the maturation and the cell-surface expression of their receptors. Shisa2 is expressed in the PSM and its knockdown caused a reduction in somite number by the delayed maturation of PSM and anterior shift of the transition; however, the phase of the segmental clock remained intact. These phenotypes were abolished by the inhibition of both FGF and Wnt signals, but by neither alone. We therefore propose that the individual inhibition of both types of signaling by the regulation of receptor maturation in the ER plays an essential role in the establishment of proper segmental patterning.
机译：在脊椎动物的体细胞发生过程中，FGF和Wnt信号构成了形态发生梯度，该梯度控制了早熟中胚层（PSM）的成熟以及向节段单元的过渡。但是，目前尚不清楚是否存在通过直接调节PSM中FGF和Wnt信号传导来促进过渡的调节机制。在这里，我们显示Shisa2，一个新颖的Shisa基因家族的成员，在非洲爪蟾的体细胞发生过程中在节段模式中起着至关重要的作用。 Shisa2编码一种内质网（ER）蛋白，该蛋白通过阻止其受体的成熟和细胞表面表达来自主抑制FGF和Wnt信号传导。 Shisa2在PSM中表达，由于PSM的延迟成熟和过渡的前移，其敲除导致somite数量减少。但是，分段时钟的相位保持不变。这些表型通过同时抑制FGF和Wnt信号而被取消，但没有一个被取消。因此，我们建议通过调节内质网中受体成熟来单独抑制两种信号类型，在建立适当的节段构图中起重要作用。

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