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首页> 外文期刊>Zentralblatt fur Geologie und Palaontologie, Teil 1. Allgemeine, Angewandte, Regionale und Histprische Geologie >Environmental information management and hydrological system modelling for the assessment of hydrological ecosystem functions and services (ESF/ESS) in the Okavango River Basin
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Environmental information management and hydrological system modelling for the assessment of hydrological ecosystem functions and services (ESF/ESS) in the Okavango River Basin

机译：评估奥卡万戈河流域水文生态系统功能和服务（ESF / ESS）的环境信息管理和水文系统建模

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摘要

Water is a key natural resource and required for a variety of ecosystem functions (ESF) and services (ESS). In semi-arid environments in Sub-Saharan Africa, where drinking water supply, livestock production, agriculture, wildlife, biodiversity and eco-tourism strongly depend on the natural water availability and its adequate quality, water related ESF and ESS as well as their interrelations are fundamental constituents of human well-being. Climate-driven but also socio-economic changes such as population growth, water take-off, deforestation, bush encroachment, the construction of reservoirs and increased water demand for irrigation are expected to affect the hydrological system dynamics of the Okavango River and its tributaries. Thus, the Okavango River Basin is considered a source of potential conflicts resulting from competing demands within and between the riparian countries in the near future. Addressing this development, a research study was initiated as part of the interdisciplinary, BMBF-funded project 'The Future Okavango (TFO)' in order to enhance the understanding of scale-related interactions between land management, climate conditions and hydrological ESF/ESS. The project develops suitable and robust methods and tools for the design and integrated assessment of land management options and climate change impacts on hydrological ESF/ESS at local, regional and trans-regional level in the Okavango River Basin. This will be achieved by applying a multi-scale approach based on comprehensive hydrological system analysis and modelling, integrating studies done at the micro/field scale and the meso/subcatchment scale with reference to the basin scale. A second aim of the presented research project is to develop an integrated, web-based Okavango Basin Information System (OBIS). A first version of OBIS is already implemented and provides a platform which allows authorized users to maintain, visualize and analyse geo-spatial data together with time series and information received from the interdisciplinary research efforts within TFO. This paper gives an overview of the current status of the multi-scale hydrological system analysis, data availability and constraints, the model concept and the implementation and population of OBIS. In addition, first hydrological assessments and modelling results are presented.
机译：水是一种重要的自然资源，是各种生态系统功能（ESF）和服务（ESS）所必需的。在撒哈拉以南非洲的半干旱环境中，饮用水供应，畜牧生产，农业，野生生物，生物多样性和生态旅游在很大程度上取决于自然水的可获得性及其适当的质量，与水有关的ESF和ESS及其相互关系是人类福祉的基本要素。气候驱动的以及社会经济的变化，例如人口增长，取水量，森林砍伐，灌木丛侵占，水库建设和灌溉用水需求的增加，预计会影响奥卡万戈河及其支流的水文系统动态。因此，在不久的将来，奥卡万戈河流域被认为是河岸国家内部和国家之间相互竞争的需求所导致的潜在冲突的根源。为了应对这一发展，BMBF资助的跨学科项目“未来的Okavango（TFO）”启动了一项研究研究，以增进对土地管理，气候条件和水文ESF / ESS之间与规模相关的相互作用的理解。该项目开发了合适​​且健壮的方法和工具，用于设计和综合评估奥卡万戈河流域在地方，区域和跨地区的土地管理方案以及气候变化对水文ESF / ESS的影响。这将通过基于综合水文系统分析和建模的多尺度方法，结合在流域尺度上在微观/野外尺度和中观/子汇水尺度进行的研究来实现。提出的研究项目的第二个目标是开发一个基于Web的集成的Okavango盆地信息系统（OBIS）。 OBIS的第一个版本已经实施，并提供了一个平台，该平台允许授权用户维护，可视化和分析地理空间数据以及时间序列和从TFO跨学科研究工作中获得的信息。本文概述了多尺度水文系统分析的现状，数据的可获得性和局限性，模型概念以及OBIS的实现和应用。此外，还介绍了第一批水文评估和模拟结果。

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