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首页> 外文期刊>Developmental psychology >Longitudinal Transactions Between Personality and Occupational Roles: A Large and Heterogeneous Study of Job Beginners, Stayers, and Changers
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Longitudinal Transactions Between Personality and Occupational Roles: A Large and Heterogeneous Study of Job Beginners, Stayers, and Changers

机译：人格和职业角色之间的纵向交易：对工作初学者，保持者和改变者的广泛而异质的研究

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摘要

Social norms are central to theoretical accounts of longitudinal person-environment transactions. On the one hand, individuals are thought to select themselves into social roles that fit their personality. On the other hand, it is assumed that individuals' personality is transformed by the socializing pressure of norm demands. These 2 transactional directions were investigated in a large and heterogeneous 5-year longitudinal subsample of job beginners (n = 640, M age = 21.24), job stayers (n = 4,137, M age = 46.63), and job changers (n = 2,854, M age = 44.68) from the German Socio-Economic Panel. Role demands were coded by both students and labor market experts. To demonstrate transactional effects, cross-lagged structural equation models were estimated. Substantial selection effects were found for both job beginners and job changers. There was also evidence for socialization effects, especially for participants who did not change jobs. Depending on the trait and the subsample that was investigated, selection effects were sometimes corresponsive with socialization effects. Personality role demands were temporally consistent across a 4-year period even when individuals changed jobs (heterotypic continuity). This is one of the first empirical demonstrations of the transactional processes that lead to the formation of social niches.
机译：社会规范是纵向人与环境交易理论说明的核心。一方面，人们认为个人会选择适合自己个性的社会角色。另一方面，假定个人的个性被规范需求的社会化压力所转化。这两个交易方向是在大型且异类的5年纵向新样本中调查的，这些样本分别是工作初学者（n = 640，M年龄= 21.24），工作留下者（n = 4,137，M年龄= 46.63）和工作变更者（n = 2,854 ，年龄：44.68），来自德国社会经济专家小组。学生和劳动力市场专家均对角色要求进行了编码。为了证明交易效果，估计了交叉滞后的结构方程模型。对于工作初学者和工作变更者都发现了实质性的选择效果。也有社会影响的证据，特别是对于那些没有换工作的参与者。根据特质和所研究的子样本，选择效应有时与社会化效应相对应。即使在个人更换工作（异型连续性）的情况下，在4年的时间里，人格角色的要求在时间上也是一致的。这是导致社会壁ni形成的交易过程的第一个经验证明。

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