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The envy-free pricing problem, unit-demand markets and connections with the network pricing problem

机译:令人羡慕的定价问题,单位需求市场以及与网络定价问题的联系

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A common problem faced in economics is to decide the pricing of products of a company, since poorly chosen prices might lead to low profit. One important model for this is the unit-demand envy-free pricing problem, in which one considers that every consumer buys an item that maximizes his own profit, and the goal is to find a pricing of the items that maximizes the expected profit of the seller. This is a practical and interesting problem which is, unfortunately, not in APX unless P = NP, We present two new MIP formulations for this problem and experimentally compare them to previous ones from the literature. We describe three models to generate different random instances for general unit-demand auctions, that we designed for the computational experiments. Each model has a nice economic interpretation. Our results show that one of our MIP formulations can sometimes lead to better results than the previous ones from the literature. We also consider a variant of the network pricing problem in which one has to price toll arcs in a highway, and prove that it is as hard to approximate as the envy-free pricing problem. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译:经济学面临的一个普遍问题是决定公司产品的定价,因为选择不当的价格可能会导致低利润。一个重要的模型是单位需求的无羡慕定价问题,在该模型中,每个消费者都认为购买的商品会最大化自己的利润,而目标是找到使商品的预期利润最大化的商品定价。卖方。这是一个实用且有趣的问题,不幸的是,除非P = NP,否则APX中不会使用。我们针对此问题提出了两种新的MIP公式,并通过实验将它们与文献中的公式进行了比较。我们描述了三个模型,用于为计算实验设计的一般单位需求拍卖生成不同的随机实例。每个模型都有很好的经济解释。我们的结果表明,我们的一种MIP配方有时可以比文献中的以前方法产生更好的结果。我们还考虑了网络定价问题的一种变体,其中必须对高速公路上的收费弧进行定价,并证明与无羡慕定价问题一样难以近似。 (C)2015 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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