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首页> 外文期刊>Turkish Journal of Agriculture & Forestry >An evaluation of seed spacing accuracy of a vacuum type precision metering unit based on theoretical considerations and experiments
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An evaluation of seed spacing accuracy of a vacuum type precision metering unit based on theoretical considerations and experiments

机译：基于理论考虑和实验的真空型精密计量单元种子间距精度评估

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摘要

Currently the most widely used machine for precision seeding of cotton and maize seed is vacuum type. The capture of seeds by vacuum plate and the release of seeds from the vacuum plate should be performed precisely without missing or doubling. The physical phenomena should be clarified theoretically to understand how the precision seeding mechanism works. To solve these problems, an attempt was made to develop a nomogram using equations describing the technical characteristics of the seeder used inthis study and to describe the seed capture mechanism relying on basic principles of fluid mechanics and aerodynamic properties of seeds. Seed spacing accuracy tests were performed to test the theory on a sticky belt in the laboratory. Quality of feed index, miss and multiple indices, and precision have been taken as a set of criteria for seed spacing accuracy. The regression models developed using the data obtained via sticky band tests showed that 16 seeds s~(-1) was the upper limit of seed release frequency (SRF) for cotton and maize seeds. The upper limit of vacuum plate peripheral speed was found to be 0.34 m s~(-1). The use of 72 holes instead of 26 holes in the vacuum plate at 6.3 kPa created a vacuum band in the width of 10 mm around holes andthis increased the multiple index and caused a reduction in seeding performance. For this reason, the use of vacuum plates with 60 or 52 holes is recommended for cotton seed. The forward speed of either 1.0 or 1.5 m s~(-1) was found to be acceptable forthe seed spacing of 0.05 and 0.10 m, respectively. Aerodynamic calculations verified that widely used vacuum plates with 26 holes were the appropriate ones for seeding maize seeds. The performance indices, namely the quality of feed, and miss and multiple indices, reduced significantly for cotton and maize seeding when the precision metering unit was run at 20% (11°) slope to the right as compared to the no slope condition.
机译：当前，用于棉花和玉米种子的精确播种的最广泛使用的机器是真空型。通过真空平板捕获种子和从真空平板释放种子应精确进行，不要丢失或加倍。应该从理论上阐明物理现象，以了解精确播种机制的工作原理。为了解决这些问题，尝试使用描述本研究中使用的播种机技术特征的方程式开发诺模图，并描述了依靠流体力学和种子空气动力学特性的基本原理的种子捕获机制。进行了种子间距精度测试，以在实验室中的粘性带上测试该理论。饲料指数，遗漏指数和多重指数的质量以及精度已作为种子间距精度的一组标准。利用粘带试验获得的数据建立的回归模型表明，棉花和玉米种子的16种种子s〜（-1）是种子释放频率（SRF）的上限。发现真空板圆周速度的上限为0.34m s·（-1）。在6.3 kPa的真空板上使用72个孔代替26个孔会在孔周围形成10 mm宽度的真空带，这会增加多重指数并导致播种性能下降。因此，建议对棉籽使用带有60或52个孔的真空板。发现种子间距分别为0.05和0.10 m时，前进速度为1.0或1.5 m s〜（-1）是可以接受的。空气动力学计算证明，广泛使用的具有26个孔的真空板是播种玉米种子的合适真空板。与无坡度条件相比，当精密计量单元在向右倾斜20％（11°）的情况下运行时，棉花和玉米播种的性能指标（即饲料质量，遗漏和多项指标）显着降低。

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