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首页> 外文期刊>Turkish Journal of Agriculture & Forestry >Using plant extracts to reduce asexual reproduction of apple scab (Venturia inaequalis)
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Using plant extracts to reduce asexual reproduction of apple scab (Venturia inaequalis)

机译：使用植物提取物减少苹果黑星病（文氏不动杆菌）的无性繁殖

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The aim our research was to develop effective methods for organic apple farming, based on the use of plant extracts to control the asexual reproduction of Venturia inaequalis. Plant extracts of artemisinin, chelidonine, thymol, and populin tested in vitro under laboratory conditions significantly slowed down the germination of V. inaequalis conidia. During a 2-year study under field conditions, the effect of 1% populin, an extract from black poplar buds, on apple scab was tested in parallel with synthetic fungicides and a no-pesticide regime on Golden Delicious and Jonathan apples. Populin significantly reduced the number of scabbed leaves and fruits on Golden during the first year of the field evaluation compared to synthetic fungicides and had a similar effect as synthetic fungicides in the second year of application. The mean number of scabbed leaves on Jonathan was reduced significantly by both synthetic fungicide and populin applications in both years; however, while synthetic treatments did not reduce the number of scabbed fruits in the first year, populin significantly reduced the number of lesions on fruits. According to these results, we concluded that the severity of apple scab on commercial apple cultivars can be reduced using 1% populin plant extract as a cheap, alternative, and highly available method of reducing the conidial spores. The estimated costs of spraying populin per hector on apple plantations were much lower than costs for synthetic fungicides. Populin application may allow elimination or reduction of synthetic fungicide use and enable efficient organic apple farming.
机译：我们的研究目的是根据植物提取物的使用来控制不定芽孢杆菌的无性繁殖，从而开发有效的有机苹果种植方法。在实验室条件下进行了体外测试的青蒿素，鹅卵磷脂，百里酚和Populin的植物提取物显着减缓了不等分枝孢子的萌发。在野外条件下进行的为期2年的研究中，与金黄色苹果和乔纳森苹果同时使用了合成杀真菌剂和无农药方案，测试了1％的白杨素（黑杨树芽的提取物）对苹果ab的作用。与合成杀真菌剂相比，在现场评估的第一年，Populin显着减少了Golden上被擦伤的叶子和果实的数量，在第二年使用时，其效果与合成杀真菌剂相似。在这两年中，合成杀真菌剂和Populin的施用均大大降低了Jonathan上sc叶片的平均数量。然而，尽管第一年的综合处理并没有减少结sc的水果的数量，但populin显着减少了水果上的病变数量。根据这些结果，我们得出结论，使用1％的Populin植物提取物作为廉价，替代且高度可用的减少分生孢子孢子的方法，可以降低商业化苹果品种上苹果sc的严重程度。在苹果种植园中每个种植者喷洒populin的估计成本远低于合成杀真菌剂的成本。使用Populin可以消除或减少合成杀真菌剂的使用，并实现有效的有机苹果种植。

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