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The Secrets of Life

机译:生命的秘密

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摘要

Before gene editing existed, even before widespread consensus that DNA contained genetic information, the humble fruit fly was domes- ticated as a tool for studying inheritance. In 1924 American biologist Hermann Muller had just begun to use radium to induce mutations in the flies. That year he shipped a vial of radium to one of his collaborators; but somewhere along the way the glass vial shattered, and the extremely expensive radium seeped into the crevices of its lead-lined container. A frustrated MuEer abandoned radium and instead began irradiating his flies with X-rays. In 1927 he published his Nobel Prize-winning results showing that X-rays caused genetic mutations in fruit flies, and the important role of radium in this research was subsequently forgotten.
机译:在基因编辑存在之前,甚至在有关DNA包含遗传信息的广泛共识之前,不起眼的果蝇就被定为研究遗传的工具。 1924年,美国生物学家赫尔曼·穆勒(Hermann Muller)刚开始使用镭诱导果蝇突变。那年,他将一小瓶镭运到了他的一位合作者。但是在途中,玻璃小瓶破裂了,极其昂贵的镭渗入了衬铅容器的缝隙中。沮丧的MuEer放弃了镭,而是开始用X射线照射他的苍蝇。 1927年,他发表了诺贝尔奖获奖结果,结果表明X射线导致果蝇发生了基因突变,后来镭在这项研究中的重要作用被人们所忽略。

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