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首页> 外文期刊>DNA and Cell Biology >Heterogeneic dynamics of the structures of multiple gene clusters in two pathogenetically different lines originating from the same phytoplasma
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Heterogeneic dynamics of the structures of multiple gene clusters in two pathogenetically different lines originating from the same phytoplasma

机译：源自同一植物原质的两个病原不同的品系中多个基因簇的结构的异质动力学

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摘要

Phytoplasmas are phloem-limited plant pathogens that are transmitted by insect vectors and are associated with diseases in hundreds of plant species. Despite their small sizes, phytoplasma genomes have repeat-rich sequences, which are due to several genes that are encoded as multiple copies. These multiple genes exist in a gene cluster, the potential mobile unit (PMU). PMUs are present at several distinct regions in the phytoplasma genome. The multicopy genes encoded by PMUs (herein named mobile unit genes [MUGs]) and similar genes elsewhere in the genome (herein named fundamental genes [FUGs]) are likely to have the same function based on their annotations. In this manuscript we show evidence that MUGs and FUGs do not cluster together within the same clade. Each MUG is in a cluster with a short branch length, suggesting that MUGs are recently diverged paralogs, whereas the origin of FUGs is different from that of MUGs. We also compared the genome structures around the lplA gene in two derivative lines of the 'Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris' OY strain, the severe-symptom line W (OY-W) and the mild-symptom line M (OY-M). The gene organizations of the nucleotide sequences upstream of the lplA genes of OY-W and OY-M were dramatically different. The tra5 insertion sequence, an element of PMUs, was found only in this region in OY-W. These results suggest that transposition of entire PMUs and PMU sections has occurred frequently in the OY phytoplasma genome. The difference in the pathogenicities of OY-W and OY-M might be caused by the duplication and transposition of PMUs, followed by genome rearrangement.
机译：植原体是韧皮部有限的植物病原体，其通过昆虫载体传播，并与数百种植物中的疾病相关。尽管植物浆体基因组的大小很小，但它们具有重复序列丰富的序列，这是由于几个被编码为多个拷贝的基因所致。这些多个基因存在于基因簇中，即潜在移动单位（PMU）。 PMU存在于植物质体基因组的几个不同区域。由PMU编码的多拷贝基因（此处称为移动单位基因[MUGs]）和基因组其他位置的相似基因（此处称为基本基因[FUGs]）基于其注释可能具有相同的功能。在此手稿中，我们显示出证据，表明MUG和FUG不在同一进化枝中聚集在一起。每个MUG都在一个具有短分支长度的簇中，这表明MUG是最近发散的旁系同源物，而FUG的起源与MUG的起源不同。我们还比较了“美洲念珠菌” OY菌株的两个衍生品系，lplA基因周围的基因组结构，重度症状品系W（OY-W）和轻度症状品系M（OY-M）。 OY-W和OY-M的lplA基因上游的核苷酸序列的基因组织显着不同。 tra5插入序列是PMU的一个元素，仅在OY-W的该区域中发现。这些结果表明，在OY质原体基因组中经常发生整个PMU和PMU区段的转座。 OY-W和OY-M的致病性差异可能是由于PMU的复制和转座，然后是基因组重排引起的。

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