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首页> 外文期刊>Developmental and Comparative Immunology: Ontogeny, Phylogeny, Aging: The Official Journal of the International Society of Developmental and Comparative Immunology >Immune-directed support of rich microbial communities in the gut has ancient roots
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Immune-directed support of rich microbial communities in the gut has ancient roots

机译：肠道中丰富的微生物群落的免疫导向支持源远流长

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摘要

The animal gut serves as a primary location for the complex host-microbe interplay that is essential for homeostasis and may also reflect the types of ancient selective pressures that spawned the emergence of immunity in metazoans. In this review, we present a phylogenetic survey of gut host-microbe interactions and suggest that host defense systems arose not only to protect tissue directly from pathogenic attack but also to actively support growth of specific communities of mutualists. This functional dichotomy resulted in the evolution of immune systems much more tuned for harmonious existence with microbes than previously thought, existing as dynamic but primarily cooperative entities in the present day. We further present the protochordate Ciona intestinalis as a promising model for studying gut host-bacterial dialogue. The taxonomic position, gut physiology and experimental tractability of Ciona offer unique advantages in dissecting host-microbe interplay and can complement studies in other model systems. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：动物肠道是动态平衡所必需的复杂宿主-微生物相互作用的主要场所，也可能反映出导致后生动物免疫力产生的古老选择性压力的类型。在这篇综述中，我们提出了肠道宿主-微生物相互作用的系统发育调查，并提出宿主防御系统的出现不仅是为了保护组织免受致病性攻击，而且是为了积极支持特定互惠生群体的生长。这种功能上的二分法导致免疫系统的进化比以前认为的要多得多，以适应与微生物的和谐存在，而这种进化以动态但主要是合作实体存在。我们进一步提出原肠Ciona intestinalis作为研究肠道宿主-细菌对话的有希望的模型。 Ciona的生物分类位置，肠道生理学和实验易处理性在解剖宿主微生物相互作用方面提供了独特的优势，并且可以补充其他模型系统中的研究。 （C）2014 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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