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Prostate biopsy in the diagnosis of prostate cancer: Current trends and techniques.

机译：前列腺癌诊断中的前列腺活检：当前趋势和技术。

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The advent of prostate specific antigen (PSA) screening and transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) has had a significant impact on the detection of prostate cancer over the last 15 years. The mean age at diagnosis has decreased and the most common stage at diagnosis is now localized disease. TRUS guidance, spring-loaded biopsy needles, utilization of oral antibiotic prophylaxis, developments in local anesthesia, increases in the number of cores sampled and the use of site-specific containers have all made the prostate biopsy easier to perform and more accurate. The indications for an initial prostate biopsy have been strongly influenced by digital rectal examinations (DREs), PSA levels and the PSA-related parameters of velocity, density, and percent free. These parameters, along with abnormal histology, also dictate the need for a repeat biopsy. With the better, earlier, and more patient-friendly usage of the prostate biopsy, there has been a decrease in the mortality rate of prostate cancer. (c) 2005 Prous Science. All rights reserved.
机译：在过去的15年中，前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）筛查和经直肠超声检查（TRUS）的出现对前列腺癌的检测产生了重大影响。诊断时的平均年龄已经降低，诊断中最常见的阶段是局部疾病。 TRUS指导，弹簧式活检针，口服抗生素的预防利用，局部麻醉的发展，取样芯数的增加以及特定部位容器的使用，这些都使前列腺穿刺活检更容易执行和更准确。最初的前列腺活检的指征已受到直肠指检（DRE），PSA水平和PSA相关的速度，密度和游离百分比参数的强烈影响。这些参数以及异常的组织学也表明需要再次进行活检。通过更好，更早和更友好地使用前列腺活检，前列腺癌的死亡率降低了。 （c）2005 Prous科学。版权所有。

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