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Effect of Humic Substances Extracted from Compost to Plant Growth and Soil Microorganisms

机译：堆肥中腐殖质对植物生长和土壤微生物的影响

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摘要

There are many products available for agricultural use falling into the broad category of biological soil conditioners, stimulants or additives. These product kinds enhance crop growth and yield through several mechanisms, such as microbial inoculation into soil, stimulation of soil microbial activity, increasing the activity of critical enzymes, production of phytohormones or supplementing micronutrients. Between these products, humic acids are nowadays being used as liquid organic amendment, sincea close relationship exists between soil fertility and its organic matter content. In our work, the response of tomato plants to amendment with humic compounds (HCs) from several origins is reported in a pot trial. The different substrates used were sandy soil (SS) and another inert substrate (IS). The HCs used were potassium humates from compost based on horticultural waste (WCHs) and leonardite (LHs) were used. Two different cultivars of tomato (Solarium lycopersicum cv. 'Raf' type Marmande or 'Durinta') were tested in two pot substrates. Results were evaluated in terms of plant growth and biomass production. The effect of these HCs on soil microbial populations was also investigated. Results showed that the application of low rates of HCs had an overall stimulatory effect on heterotrophic aerobic bacteria, fungi and nitrogen fixing-bacteria growth. The WCHs addition had a positive influence on nitrogen fixing-bacteria and nitrifying bacteria population when 'Raf or 'Durinta' were used, respectively. Both groups were favoured when IS was used. On the other hand, lower and thicker plants were observed when WCHs were applied to crops. Therefore, results showed the potential for improving the utilization of HCs extracted from compost based on plant waste (WCHs). The extraction of these substances (WCHs) by the process here described produced an extract which behaved as a stimulatory substance on soil-plant ecosystems and some microorganisms related to the plant roots.
机译：有许多可用于农业的产品属于生物土壤改良剂，刺激剂或添加剂。这些产品种类通过几种机制提高了作物的生长和产量，例如微生物接种到土壤中，刺激土壤微生物活性，增加关键酶的活性，植物激素的产生或补充微量营养素。在这些产品之间，由于土壤肥力与其有机质含量之间存在着密切的关系，如今腐殖酸被用作液体有机改良剂。在我们的工作中，一项盆栽试验报道了番茄植物对腐殖质化合物（HCs）的改良反应。使用的不同基质是沙土（SS）和另一种惰性基质（IS）。所使用的HCs是来自园艺废物（WCHs）的堆肥中腐殖酸钾（KCH），并且使用了渗碳石（LHs）。在两个盆栽基质中测试了两种不同的番茄栽培品种（番茄（Solarium lycopersicum cv。“ Raf” Marmande或“ Durinta”））。根据植物生长和生物量生产评估结果。还研究了这些HC对土壤微生物种群的影响。结果表明，低浓度的HCs施用对异养性好氧细菌，真菌和固氮细菌的生长具有总体刺激作用。当分别使用“ Raf”或“ Durinta”时，添加WCHs对固氮细菌和硝化细菌种群产生积极影响。使用IS时，两组都受到青睐。另一方面，将WCH应用于农作物时，观察到的植物矮而浓。因此，结果表明，有潜力提高利用基于植物废物（WCH）的堆肥提取的HC的利用率。通过此处描述的方法对这些物质（WCH）的提取产生了一种提取物，该提取物在土壤植物生态系统和某些与植物根系相关的微生物上具有刺激性。

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