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Negative affect variability and adolescent self-medication: The role of the peer context

机译：负面影响变异性和青少年自我用药：同伴情境的作用

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Introduction. Findings in the literature show mixed support for adolescent self-medication. Following recent reformulations of the self-medication hypothesis, we tested within-person effects of daily fluctuations in sadness and worry on daily substance use, and explored the moderating role of the peer context on self-medication. We hypothesized that greater daily fluctuations in mood would predict greater daily substance use, and lower levels of peer social support and higher levels of peer drug use would further increase this risk. Design and Methods. Experience sampling methods captured within-person daily variations in mood and substance use over 21 days among 73 adolescents. An observational coding system was employed to characterize enacted peer social support. Multilevel modeling was used to parse between-versus within-person differences in risk for daily substance use. Results. Greater within-person daily fluctuations in feelings of worry (but not sadness) significantly predicted increased daily substance use, consistent with self-medication. Moreover, greater daily fluctuations in negative affect were a stronger predictor of daily use than total level of daily negative affect. Peer social support moderated this relationship such that those with more supportive friendships were less likely to engage in self-medication. Discussion. This is the first reported study to examine within-person processes of adolescent self-medication related to daily variability in mood and the peer context. Adolescent self-medication processes appear to differ depending on the type of negative affect and whether daily affective experiences are chronic or fluctuating, suggesting that the affective processes that cue adolescents to engage in substance use are quite nuanced.
机译：介绍。文献中的发现表明对青少年自我用药的支持不一。在最近对自我用药假说进行重新表述之后，我们测试了每天悲伤和忧虑的波动对日常用药的人内影响，并探讨了同伴情境对自我用药的调节作用。我们假设，每天情绪的较大波动会预示每天的毒品使用量会增加，而同龄人的社会支持水平降低和同龄人的药物使用水平升高会进一步增加这种风险。设计和方法。经验抽样方法记录了73名青少年在21天内的人内情绪和物质使用每日变化。采用观察编码系统来描述已制定的同伴社会支持。多级建模用于分析日常使用毒品风险中人与人之间的差异。结果。人内忧虑（但不是悲伤）的日常变化较大，明显预示着日常药物使用的增加，与自我用药一致。此外，与每日负面影响的总水平相比，每日负面影响的较大波动是每日使用量的更强预测指标。同行的社会支持减轻了这种关系，从而使那些拥有更多支持友谊的人不太可能进行自我疗养。讨论。这是第一个报告的研究，该研究研究与情绪和同伴情境的日常变化有关的青少年自我用药的人际过程。青少年的自我用药过程似乎取决于负面影响的类型以及日常的情感经历是慢性的还是起伏的，因此有所不同，这表明暗示青少年进行药物滥用的情感过程非常细微。

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