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首页> 外文期刊>Drug and alcohol review >The costs and consequences of three policy options for reducing heroin dependency.
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The costs and consequences of three policy options for reducing heroin dependency.

机译：减少海洛因依赖性的三种政策选择的成本和后果。

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INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: This study compares the costs and consequences of three interventions for reducing heroin dependency: pharmacotherapy maintenance, residential rehabilitation and prison. DESIGN AND METHODS: Using Australian data, the interventions' cost - consequence ratio was estimated, taking into consideration reduction in heroin use during the intervention; the length of intervention; and post-intervention effects (as measured by abstinence rates). Sensitivity analyses were conducted, including varying the magnitude and duration of treatment effects, and ascribing positive outcomes only to treatment completers. A hybrid model that combined pharmacotherapy maintenance with a prison term was also considered. RESULTS: If the post-programme abstinence rates are sustained for 2 years, then for an average heroin user the cost of averting a year of heroin use is approximately AUDDollars 5000 for pharmacotherapy maintenance, AUDDollars 11,000 for residential rehabilitation and AUDDollars 52 000 for prison. Varying the parameters does not change the ranking of the programmes. If the completion rate in pharmacotherapy maintenance was raised above 95% (by the threat of prison for non-completers), the combined model of treatment plus prison may become the most cost-effective option. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Relative performance in terms of costs and consequences is an important consideration in the policy decision-making process, and quantitative data such as those reported herein can provide insights pertinent to evidence-based policy.
机译：引言和目的：这项研究比较了三种减少海洛因依赖的干预措施的成本和后果：药物治疗，住院康复和监狱。设计与方法：利用澳大利亚的数据，对干预措施的成本-后果比率进行了估算，并考虑了干预期间海洛因用量的减少。干预时间;和干预后的效果（按戒断率衡量）。进行了敏感性分析，包括改变治疗效果的大小和持续时间，以及仅将积极成果归因于治疗完成者。还考虑了将药物治疗与监禁相结合的混合模型。结果：如果计划后的禁欲率持续2年，那么对于平均海洛因使用者而言，避免一年使用海洛因的成本约为5,000澳元用于药物治疗维护，用于居住康复的澳元为11,000澳元，用于监狱康复的澳元为52,000澳元。改变参数不会改变程序的排名。如果将药物疗法维持的完成率提高到95％以上（由于非完成者面临监狱威胁），则治疗加监狱的组合模式可能会成为最具成本效益的选择。讨论和结论：就成本和后果而言，相对绩效是政策决策过程中的重要考虑因素，本文所报告的定量数据可以提供与基于证据的政策有关的见解。

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