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首页> 外文期刊>Dynamic Soil, Dynamic Plant >The Effects of Soil Cover on Soil Respiration and Microbial Population in the Mopane (Colophospermum mopane) Woodland of North Western Botswana
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The Effects of Soil Cover on Soil Respiration and Microbial Population in the Mopane (Colophospermum mopane) Woodland of North Western Botswana

机译：博茨瓦纳西北部土壤覆盖对土壤呼吸和微生物种群的影响（Colophospermum mopane）

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摘要

Soil cover influences soil biological and chemical processes in various ways. The effects of soil cover (bare soil without litter litter cover Mopane tree canopy and grass cover) on soil respiration and microbial population at four sites in the Mopanewoodland of north western Botswana were investigated. Soil respiration rates were measured using an infrared gas analyzer. Nitrifying bacterial populations were quantified by MPN on ammonium and nitrite calcium carbonate media, oligotrophs on 1% nutrient agar, actinomycetes on starch casein agar, bactenovorous protozoans by MPN on sodium chloride agar baited with Enterobacter, and fungal biomass carbon using buried slides were also determined. Soil respiration in different habitats was significantly influenced by type of cover diurnal temperature variations and soil moisture. Soils under cover showed significantly higher soil respiration than the bare soils. Autochthonous bacterial populations in the Mopane woodland soils consisted mostly of oligotrophs which varied insignificantly between seasons Fungi were the most dominant microorganisms in all the Mopane woodland soils, with biomass of 162.05 to 282.14 mu g C/g soil in the wet season and 11.84 to 44.16 mu g C/g soil in the dry season. Microscopicobservation of buried slides revealed that fungi play a vital role in holding soil particles together in these soils. The results showed a strong positive relationship between changes in fungal biomass and fluctuation of soil respiration. However, no clear correlation was observed between the variation of soil respiration and other microbial populations (oligotrophic bacteria, actinomycetes, and nitrifying bacteria). Overall these results indicate that in soils under Mopane tree canopy fungi contributesignificantly to soil structure and soil respiration. Other microbial populations consist mostly of oligotrophs which show minimal seasonal variations. Soil moisture significantly influences seasonal fluctuation in soil respiration.
机译：土壤覆盖以多种方式影响土壤的生物和化学过程。研究了博茨瓦纳西北部莫帕内林地土壤覆盖（裸露无土的裸土，莫帕内树冠和草皮）对土壤呼吸和微生物种群的影响。使用红外气体分析仪测量土壤呼吸速率。还通过在铵盐和亚硝酸盐碳酸钙培养基上的MPN，在1％营养琼脂上的营养缺陷型菌，在酪蛋白淀粉琼脂上的放线菌，在用肠杆菌属诱饵的氯化钠琼脂上的MPN上的噬菌体原生动物以及使用掩埋玻片测定的真菌生物量来确定硝化细菌种群。不同生境的土壤呼吸受覆盖昼夜温度变化类型和土壤水分的影响很大。覆盖下的土壤显示出比裸露的土壤明显更高的土壤呼吸。 Mopane林地土壤中的自生细菌种群主要由寡营养菌组成，在各个季节之间变化不大，真菌是所有Mopane林地土壤中最主要的微生物，在雨季生物量为162.05至282.14μg C / g土壤，在雨季为11.84至44.16。干燥季节每克土壤每克。显微镜观察埋藏的载玻片表明真菌在将这些土壤中的土壤颗粒保持在一起方面起着至关重要的作用。结果表明，真菌生物量的变化与土壤呼吸的波动之间存在很强的正相关关系。但是，在土壤呼吸的变化与其他微生物种群（贫营养细菌，放线菌和硝化细菌）之间没有发现明显的相关性。总体而言，这些结果表明，在Mopane树冠真菌作用下的土壤中，对土壤结构和土壤呼吸具有重要作用。其他微生物种群主要由寡养生物组成，这些寡养生物表现出最小的季节性变化。土壤水分会严重影响土壤呼吸的季节性波动。

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