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首页> 外文期刊>JAIDS: Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes >Financing the response to HIV in low-income and middle-income countries.
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Financing the response to HIV in low-income and middle-income countries.

机译：为低收入和中等收入国家的艾滋病毒应对工作提供资金。

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摘要

OBJECTIVES: To describe levels of national HIV spending and examine programmatic allocations according to the type of epidemic and country income. METHODS: Cross-sectional analysis of HIV expenditures from 50 low-income and middle-income countries. Sources of information included country reports of domestic spending by programmatic activity and HIV services. These HIV spending categories were cross tabulated by source of financing, stratified by type of HIV epidemic and income level of the country and reported in international dollars (IDollars ). RESULTS: Fifty low-income and middle-income countries spent US Dollars 2.6 billion (IDollars 5.8 billion) on HIV in 2006; 87% of the funding among the 17 low-income countries came from international donors. Average per capita spending was IDollars 2.1 and positively correlated with Gross National Income. Per capita spending was IDollars 1.5 in 9 countries with low-level HIV epidemics, IDollars 1.6 in 27 countries with concentrated HIV epidemics and IDollars 9.5 in 14 countries with generalized HIV epidemics. On average, spending on care and treatment represented 50% of AIDS spending across all countries. The treatment-to-prevention spending ratio was 1.5:1, 3:1, and 2:1 in countries with low-level, concentrated and generalized epidemics, respectively. Spending on prevention represented 21% of total AIDS spending. However, expenditures addressing most-at-risk populations represented less than 1% in countries with generalized epidemics and 7% in those with low-level or concentrated epidemics. CONCLUSIONS: The most striking finding is the mismatch between the types of HIV epidemics and the allocation of resources. The current global economic recession will force countries to rethink national strategies, especially in low-income countries with high aid dependency. Mapping HIV expenditures provides crucial guidance for reallocation of resources and supports evidence-based decisions. Now more than ever, countries need to know and act on their epidemics and give priority to the most effective programmatic services.
机译：目的：描述国家艾滋病毒支出水平，并根据流行病类型和国家收入检查计划分配。方法：对来自50个低收入和中等收入国家的艾滋病毒支出进行横断面分析。信息来源包括按方案活动和艾滋病毒服务分列的国内支出国家报告。这些HIV支出类别按资金来源进行交叉制表，按该国的HIV流行类型和收入水平分层，并以国际美元报告（IDollars）。结果：2006年，有五十个低收入和中等收入国家在艾滋病毒上花费了26亿美元（58亿美元）。在17个低收入国家中，有87％的资金来自国际捐助者。人均支出为IDollars 2.1，与国民总收入呈正相关。 9个艾滋病毒低度流行国家的人均支出为IDollars 1.5，27个艾滋病毒流行度较高的国家的人均支出IDollars 1.6，以及14个艾滋病毒普遍流行的国家的IDollars 9.5。平均而言，护理和治疗支出占所有国家艾滋病支出的50％。在低水平，集中和普遍流行的国家，治疗与预防支出的比例分别为1.5：1、3：1和2：1。预防支出占艾滋病总支出的21％。但是，在普遍流行的国家中，针对高危人群的支出不到1％，而在低水平或集中流行的国家中，这一比例为7％。结论：最惊人的发现是艾滋病流行类型与资源分配之间的不匹配。当前的全球经济衰退将迫使各国重新考虑国家战略，尤其是在对援助高度依赖的低收入国家。绘制艾滋病毒支出图可为资源重新分配提供关键指导，并支持基于证据的决策。如今，各国比以往任何时候都需要了解其流行病并采取行动，并优先考虑最有效的方案服务。

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