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Resemblance to familiar faces is exaggerated in memory

机译：记忆中夸张了与熟悉面孔的相似之处

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摘要

Recognition memory performance for familiar faces is better than that for unfamiliar faces. However, it is unclear whether this "familiarity effect" also occurs for unfamiliar faces which resemble familiar faces. In Experiment 1, we tested recognition memory for unfamiliar faces, and showed that unfamiliar faces that resemble familiar faces are recognized more accurately than are unfamiliar faces that do not. In Experiment 2, we attempted to measure how accurately the degree of resemblance is remembered.We had participants remember unfamiliar faces that resembled either familiar faces or unfamiliar faces. Then the participants were asked to choose the face that they thought they had seen from an array of faces whose degree of resemblance was systematically varied. The results demonstrated that resemblance to familiar faces enhances encoding of facial information, and that the degree of resemblance to familiar faces is exaggerated in memory. Experiment 3 indicated that people perceive mild anti-caricatures to be most like the real faces that are familiar to them. This finding suggests that exaggerated resemblance in memory is not due to exaggerated representations of familiar faces.
机译：熟悉面孔的识别记忆性能要优于陌生面孔。但是，还不清楚这种“熟悉效果”是否也出现在类似于熟悉面孔的陌生面孔上。在实验1中，我们测试了陌生人脸的识别记忆，并表明与陌生人脸相比，与熟悉人脸相似的陌生人脸的识别更为准确。在实验2中，我们尝试测量相似度被记住的精确度。我们让参与者记住不熟悉的面孔，这些面孔既类似于熟悉的面孔，也类似于陌生的面孔。然后，要求参与者从一系列相似度系统地变化的面部中选择他们认为已经看到的面部。结果表明，与熟悉的脸部相似度增强了面部信息的编码，并且与记忆中的相似度被夸大了。实验3表明，人们感觉到轻度的反讽很像他们熟悉的真实面孔。这一发现表明，记忆中的夸张相似不是由于熟悉面孔的夸张表示所致。

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