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首页> 外文期刊>World Development >Microenterprise clusters in rural Indonesia: industrial seedbed and policy target
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Microenterprise clusters in rural Indonesia: industrial seedbed and policy target

机译：印度尼西亚农村的微型企业集群：工业温床和政策目标

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The paper shows the importance of clustering at early stages of development, when clustering is still largely a rural phenomenon and may serve as a survival strategy. It argues, first, that dismally poor but clustered rural microenterprises may havea seedbed function for industrial development, and, second, that clustering policy has brought about some success in Indonesia. Data on more than 4,000 rural clusters provide insights in the various forces behind cluster gestation, prosperity and dissolution, and backed up by a country-wide sample survey of 120 production groups, with both sources dating from 1989. It is argued that social capital is crucial for the achievement of transaction cost reductions, which attract traders to the clustered enterprises. Ubiquitous search and reach advantages in marketing trigger clustering processes, but these advantages diminish with overcrowding. Further external economies arise from specialization and technical indivisibilities, but vary significantly by subsector. Consequently, only specific clusters might benefit from public intervention in technology and organization.
机译：本文显示了在发展的早期阶段进行集群的重要性，当时集群仍然主要是一种农村现象，可以作为生存策略。它认为，首先，极度贫困但集群化的农村微型企业可能对工业发展具有温床作用，其次，集群政策在印度尼西亚取得了一些成功。关于4000多个农村集群的数据提供了对集群孕育，繁荣和消亡背后各种力量的见解，并得到了对120个生产类别的全国抽样调查的支持，这两个来源都可以追溯到1989年。有人认为，社会资本是对于降低交易成本至关重要，这可以吸引交易者加入集群企业。市场营销中无处不在的搜索和到达优势触发了聚类过程，但是随着人满为患，这些优势逐渐消失。进一步的外部经济源于专业化和技术上的独特性，但因子行业而异。因此，只有特定的集群才能从技术和组织的公共干预中受益。

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