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Enumerating (2 + 2) -free posets by the number of minimal elements and other statistics

机译:通过最小元素数和其他统计信息来枚举(2 + 2)个自由态

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An unlabeled poset is said to be (2+2)-free if it does not contain an induced subposet that is isomorphic to 2+2, the union of two disjoint 2-element chains. Let pn denote the number of (2+2)-free posets of size n. In a recent paper, Bousquet-Mélou et al. [1] found, using the so called ascent sequences, the generating function for the number of (2+2)-free posets of size n: P(t)=∑_(n<0)~(pntn)= ∑_(n<0)∏i=1n(1-~((1-t)i)). We extend this result in two ways. First, we find the generating function for (2+2)-free posets when four statistics are taken into account, one of which is the number of minimal elements in a poset. Second, we show that if pn,k equals the number of (2+2)-free posets of size n with k minimal elements, then P(t,z)=∑_(n,k<0pn,k)~(tnzk)= 1+∑_(n<0)zt~((1-zt))~(n+1)∏i=1n(1-~((1-t)i)). The second result cannot be derived from the first one by a substitution. Our enumeration results are extended to certain restricted permutations and to regular linearized chord diagrams through bijections in [1,2]. Finally, we define a subset of ascent sequences counted by the Catalan numbers and we discuss its relations with (2+2)- and (3+1)-free posets.
机译:如果未标记的位姿不包含与2 + 2同构的诱导子位,即两个不相交的2个元素链的并集,则称其无(2 + 2)。令pn表示大小为n的(2 + 2)个自由球的数量。在最近的一篇论文中,Bousquet-Mélou等人。 [1]使用所谓的上升序列,发现了大小为n的(2 + 2)个无姿势球的数量的生成函数:P(t)= ∑_(n <0)〜(pntn)= ∑_ (n <0)∏i = 1n(1-〜((1-t)i))。我们以两种方式扩展此结果。首先,当考虑到四个统计数据时,我们找到了无(2 + 2)个姿势的姿势的生成函数,其中之一是姿势中的最小元素数量。其次,我们证明如果pn,k等于大小为n的(2 + 2)个无姿势球的数量,其中k个最小元素,则P(t,z)= ∑_(n,k <0pn,k)〜( tnzk)= 1 + ∑_(n <0)zt〜((1-zt))〜(n + 1)∏i = 1n(1-〜((1-t)i))。无法通过替换从第一个结果中得出第二个结果。我们的枚举结果通过[1,2]中的双射被扩展到某些受限置换和正则线性化弦图。最后,我们定义由加泰罗尼亚语数字计数的上升序列的子集,并讨论其与(2 + 2)-和(3 + 1)-无姿态的关系。

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