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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Aeronautics, Astronautics and Aviation, A >The Application of Aeronautical Decision-making Support Systems for Improving Pilots' Performance in Flight Operations
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The Application of Aeronautical Decision-making Support Systems for Improving Pilots' Performance in Flight Operations

机译：航空决策支持系统在提高飞行员飞行绩效中的应用

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Operating a high-technology commercial airliner is not only an issue in psychomotor skill performance but also of a real-time decision-making involving situation awareness and risk management within a limited-time condition. The number of aircraft accidents attributable solely to mechanical failures has decreased markedly in recent years, but the contribution of human error has declined at a much slower rate. Previous research demonstrated a belief rule-based decision support system has provided more reliable and informative performance after training. The purpose of this research was to identify the best mnemonic-based method of decision support systems for improving commercial pilot's performance in the advanced cockpit. A total of 157 airline pilots, all qualified on the Boeing 747-400 evaluated the suitability of four different ADM methods: SHOR (Stimuli, Hypotheses, Options, Response); PASS (Problem identification, Acquire information, Survey strategy, Select strategy); FORDEC (Facts, Options, Risks & Benefits, Decision, Execution, Check); and DESIDE (Detect, Estimate, Set safety objectives, Identify, Do, Evaluate). Each was evaluated for six different types of decisions: goo go; recognition-primed; response selection; resource management; non-diagnostic procedural; and creative problem-solving. Pilots regarded the FORDEC methodology as being the best in all decision-making scenarios, irrespective of the time available to make the decision. It was also rated as the best ADM method for promoting crew coordination. However, it was advised that practicing the FORDEC mnemonic in flight simulator was important before attempting to apply it in a real life situation.
机译：运营高科技商业客机不仅是心理运动技能表现的问题，而且还是涉及在有限时间内进行态势感知和风险管理的实时决策的问题。近年来，仅归因于机械故障的飞机事故数量已明显减少，但是人为错误的贡献下降的速度却慢得多。先前的研究表明，基于信念规则的决策支持系统在训练后提供了更可靠和信息量更高的性能。这项研究的目的是确定基于助记符的最佳决策支持系统方法，以改善高级驾驶舱中商业飞行员的性能。总共157名航空公司飞行员均符合波音747-400的资格，他们评估了四种不同ADM方法的适用性：SHOR（刺激，假设，选择，响应）;通过（问题识别，获取信息，调查策略，选择策略）; FORDEC（事实，选择权，风险与收益，决策，执行，检查）;和DESIDE（检测，估计，设定安全目标，确定，执行，评估）。每个人都经过六种不同类型的决策评估：通过/不通过;识别启动响应选择;资源管理;非诊断性程序;和创造性的解决问题的能力。飞行员认为，FORDEC方法论是所有决策场景中最好的方法，无论做出决策的时间如何。它也被认为是促进机组协调的最佳ADM方法。但是，有人建议在尝试将FORDEC助记符在飞行模拟器中应用之前，将其实践很重要。

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