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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Animal Science >Effect of dietary cation-anion difference on urinary pH, feedlot performance, nitrogen mass balance, and manure pH in open feedlot pens
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Effect of dietary cation-anion difference on urinary pH, feedlot performance, nitrogen mass balance, and manure pH in open feedlot pens

机译：日粮阳离子负离子浓度对开放式育肥猪舍尿液pH，育肥性能，氮素质量平衡和肥料pH的影响

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Six experiments were conducted to evaluate dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) in concentrate diets on urinary pH, feedlot performance, and N mass balance. In Exp. 1, 15 wether lambs (33.5 +/- 3.0 kg) in five 3 x 3 Latin squares were fed a basal diet of 82.5% dry-rolled corn (DRC), 7.5% alfalfa hay, 5% molasses, and 5% supplement with different proportions of anionic and cationic salts. The DCAD was -45, -24, -16, -8, 0, +8, +16, +24, +32, and +40 mEq per 100 g of DM with the control basal diet (DCAD - +8) included in each square. Urinary pH increased (cubic, P < 0.01) as DCAD increased and DMI increased linearly (P < 0.01) with increasing DCAD. In Exp. 2 and 3, 8 Holstein steers (312 +/- 24 kg) were used in 2 consecutive 4 x 4 Latin squares. Steers were fed either the same basal diet as Exp. 1 or a basal diet with 20% wet distillers grains (WDGS) replacing DRC. In Exp. 2, DCAD was adjusted to -2, -12, and -22 mEq per 100 g of DM from the basal diet (DCAD - +8) and DCAD was adjusted in Exp. 3 to -12, -22, and -32 mEq per 100 g of DM from the basal WDGS diet (DCAD - -2). Urinary pH decreased linearly as DCAD decreased (P < 0.01) in both experiments, whereas DMI decreased linearly in Exp. 2 (P - 0.02) but not Exp. 3 (P - 0.96). In Exp. 4, 6 crossbred steers (373 +/- 37 kg) were used in a 2-period crossover design. Steers were fed the same basal diet as Exp. 3 with DCAD of -16 (NEG) and +20 (POS) mEq per 100 g of DM. Urinary pH and DMI (P < 0.05) were less for cattle fed the NEG diet compared with POS. In 2 experiments, steers (n - 96 each) were fed NEG or POS as calves (260 +/- 22 kg of BW) for 196 d from November to May (Exp. 5) or as yearlings (339 +/- 32 kg of BW) for 145 d from June to October (Exp. 6). Final BW, DMI, ADG, and HCW were not different (P > 0.11) among treatments in either experiment. Efficiency of BW gain was increased (P = 0.05) for steers fed NEG compared with POS in Exp. 5 but was not different (P = 0.11) in Exp. 6. Amount of N intake, retention, excretion, and manure N (kg/steer) were not different (P > 0.11) among treatments in either experiment. Manure pH (soil, feces, and urine) was decreased (P < 0.01) in pens fed NEG compared with POS in both experiments. Amount of N lost (kg/steer) was not different (P - 0.44) in Exp. 5, but tended (P - 0.09) to be 10.6% greater for POS compared with NEG in Exp. 6. Urinary pH was decreased by reducing DCAD, but this had minimal effect on N losses in open feedlot pens in these experiments.
机译：进行了六个实验，以评估浓缩日粮中尿中pH值，育肥场性能和氮素质量平衡的饮食阳离子-阴离子差异（DCAD）。在实验中在五个3 x 3拉丁方格中，向1、15只羔羊羔（33.5 +/- 3.0千克）喂食基础饲料，其中基础饲料为82.5％干轧玉米（DRC），7.5％苜蓿干草，5％糖蜜和5％的补充饲料，阴离子和阳离子盐的比例不同。每100克DM的DCAD为-45，-24，-16，-8、0，+ 8，+ 16，+ 24，+ 32和+40 mEq，包括对照基础饮食（DCAD-+8）在每个广场。随着DCAD的增加，尿液pH值增加（立方，P <0.01），而DCAD的增加则DMI线性增加（P <0.01）。在实验中如图2和3所示，在2个连续的4 x 4拉丁方块中使用了8个荷斯坦牛ste牛皮（312 +/- 24千克）。饲喂Exp牛皮的基本饮食与实验相同。 1或以20％湿酒糟（WDGS）代替DRC的基础饮食。在实验中参照图2，将DCAD的基础饮食（DCAD-+8）中的每100克DM的DCAD调整为-2，-12和-22 mEq，并在Exp中将DCAD调整为。每100克DM饮食（DCAD--2）中的DM，3至-12，-22和-32 mEq。在两个实验中，尿液pH均随着DCAD的降低而线性降低（P <0.01），而Exp中的DMI则呈线性降低。 2（P-0.02），而不是Exp.。 3（P-0.96）。在实验中在2周期交叉设计中，使用了4、6头杂种公牛（373 +/- 37千克）。饲喂ers牛皮的基本饮食与实验相同。 3，每100克DM的DCAD为-16（NEG）和+20（POS）mEq。饲喂NEG日粮的牛的尿液pH和DMI（P <0.05）低于POS。在2个实验中，从11月至5月（实验5）以犊牛（260 +/- 22千克体重）的方式将NE牛皮（每头-96头）饲喂NEG或POS，作为一岁（339 +/- 32千克）的幼仔（196 d） 6月至10月（实验6）145天。在两个实验中，最终的BW，DMI，ADG和HCW均无差异（P> 0.11）。与Exp中的POS相比，NEG饲喂的ers牛的体重增加效率提高（P = 0.05）。 5，但Exp。（P = 0.11）不变。 6.在两个实验中，不同处理之间的氮摄入量，retention留，排泄和肥料氮含量（公斤/牛）均无差异（P> 0.11）。在两个实验中，与POS相比，NEG饲喂的粪肥的pH值（土壤，粪便和尿液）降低了（P <0.01）。氮素损失量（公斤/转向）与实验值无差异（P-0.44）。 5，但相对于Exp中的NEG，POS的（P-0.09）往往高10.6％。 6.通过降低DCAD降低了尿液的pH值，但是在这些实验中，这对开放式育肥圈中的氮损失影响最小。

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