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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of advanced nursing >Critical realism and psychiatric nursing: a philosophical inquiry.
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Critical realism and psychiatric nursing: a philosophical inquiry.

机译：批判现实主义和精神病学护理：哲学探究。

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BACKGROUND: There is a tension within contemporary psychiatric nursing between those who would embrace the knowledge and methods of psychiatry and psychology, and those who instead argue for the development of an autonomous nursing profession. This tension cannot be resolved by way of the underpinning philosophies of these positions, namely empiricism and idealism. Instead, critical realism, positioned between these philosophies offers a methodology through which to seek a new paradigm. AIM: This paper aims to determine whether psychiatric nursing has the potential to exist as an independent and autonomous profession, concerned with providing a helping response to those in mental distress. METHOD: The paper asks critical realism's transcendental question in order to identify the a priori requirements of an autonomous psychiatric nursing, independent of both psychiatry and psychology. Consideration of these a priori requirements includes selected information from contemporary texts in order to identify potentially helpful nursing responses to mental distress, as opposed to the theorising that surrounds these helping responses. FINDINGS: The theories of psychiatry and psychology are neither necessary nor sufficient in providing a foundation for an autonomous psychiatric nursing. While medications have an intrinsic helpfulness for some people, for some of their problems, for some of the time, this does not illuminate the causes of mental distress. There is an intrinsic helping response in human interpersonal communication, yet this is not specific to 'psychotherapy' and does not 'belong' solely to psychotherapists. CONCLUSION: Support is found for an autonomous and independent profession of psychiatric nursing, able to provide a helping response to those in mental distress independent of psychiatry and psychology.
机译：背景：在当代精神病学护理中，那些愿意接受精神病学和心理学知识和方法的人与那些主张发展自主护理专业的人之间存在着紧张关系。不能通过这些立场的基础哲学，即经验主义和理想主义来解决这种紧张关系。相反，位于这些哲学之间的批判现实主义提供了一种寻求新范式的方法。目的：本文旨在确定精神科护理是否具有作为独立自主的职业存在的潜力，并关注为精神困扰患者提供帮助的方法。方法：本文提出批判现实主义的先验问题，以识别独立于精神病学和心理学的精神病学自主护理的先验要求。这些先验要求的考虑包括从当代文献中选择的信息，以便确定对精神困扰的可能有用的护理反应，这与围绕这些帮助反应的理论相反。结果：精神病学和心理学理论对于为自主精神病学护理奠定基础既不是必需的也不是充分的。虽然药物对某些人有其内在的帮助，但是对于某些人的某些问题，有时却不能说明精神困扰的原因。人与人之间的交流中有一种内在的帮助反应，但这并不是专门针对“心理疗法”的，也不是仅仅属于心理治疗师的。结论：为自主和独立的精神科护理专业找到了支持，能够为独立于精神病学和心理学的精神困扰患者提供帮助。

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