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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Applied Aquaculture >Effect of diet supplementation on water quality, phytoplankton community structure, and the growth of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.), common carp, Cyprinus carpio L., and silver carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix V. polycultured in fertilized Earthen Ponds
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Effect of diet supplementation on water quality, phytoplankton community structure, and the growth of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.), common carp, Cyprinus carpio L., and silver carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix V. polycultured in fertilized Earthen Ponds

机译：日粮添加对受精土塘混养的尼罗罗非鱼，尼罗罗非鱼（L.），鲤鱼，鲤鱼和silver鱼的水质，浮游植物群落结构和生长的影响

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摘要

In semi-intensive aquaculture systems, cultured fish can rely on natural food, produced through fertilization, up to certain size. Beyond this size, supplemental diet becomes imperative to sustain optimum fish growth. The application of supplemental diet to fish ponds should be optimized. In this regard, the present study was carried out to examine the relative importance of top-down (fish predation) and bottom-up (nutrient addition) control to phytoplankton dynamics in earthen fish ponds receiving different rates of supplemental feed for 19 weeks, and polycultured with Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.); common carp, Cyprinus carpio (L.); and silver carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (V.). Ten earthen ponds (0.1 ha each) were used in this study. Each pond was stocked with 1,000 Nile tilapia (13.7+or-1.2 g), 200 common carp (10.7+or-1.7 g) and 1,000 silver carp (1.8+or-0.3 g). The supplemental diet was provided to the ponds at a daily rate of 0.0% (control), 0.5%, 1%, 3%, and 5% of fish biomass. Water quality analyses revealed that water temperature, pH, free ammonia, and water conductivity were not significantly affected by feeding rate, while dissolved oxygen, orthophosphate, and nitrate levels were significantly (P<0.05) increased with increasing feeding levels. Average Secchi disk reading was significantly (P<0.05) lower at higher feeding rates. Chlorophyll a content and phytoplankton and zooplankton densities were also directly correlated to feeding rate up to 5%. The maximum growth of Nile tilapia and common carp was obtained at feeding rate of 3% and 5%, respectively, while the maximum growth of silver carp was obtained at 0.5% feeding rate. The best total fish production was obtained at 3% feeding rate. This study suggested that the optimum feeding rate for Nile tilapia, common carp, and silver carp reared in a polyculture system, in earthen ponds is 3% of fish biomass.
机译：在半精养水产养殖系统中，养殖鱼类可以依靠通过施肥生产的天然食物达到一定规模。超过此大小，必须保持补充饮食以维持最佳鱼类生长。应优化鱼塘补充饮食的应用。在这方面，本研究的目的是研究自上而下（捕食）和自下而上（控制养分）控制对接受不同补充饲料比例19周的土鱼池中浮游植物动态的相对重要性，以及与尼罗罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus（L.））混种;鲤鱼，Cyprinus carpio（L.）;和silver，Hypophthalmichthys molitrix（V.）。这项研究使用了十个土池（每个0.1公顷）。每个池塘中放养1,000尼罗罗非鱼（13.7+或-1.2 g），200鲤鱼（10.7+或-1.7 g）和1,000 silver鱼（1.8+或-0.3 g）。每天以鱼生物量的0.0％（对照），0.5％，1％，3％和5％的比例向池塘提供补充饮食。水质分析表明，进水速率对水温，pH，游离氨和水的电导率没有显着影响，而随着进水水平的增加，溶解氧，正磷酸盐和硝酸盐水平显着增加（P <0.05）。在较高的喂食速度下，平均Secchi盘读数显着降低（P <0.05）。叶绿素a含量，浮游植物和浮游动物的密度也直接与摄食率的5％相关。尼罗罗非鱼和鲤鱼的最大生长分别在3％和5％的进食速率下获得，而鱼的最大生长在0.5％的进食速率下获得。以3％的饲喂率可获得最佳的总鱼产量。这项研究表明，在土制池塘中，在混养系统中养殖的尼罗罗非鱼，鲤鱼和silver鱼的最佳摄食率是鱼生物量的3％。

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