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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Applied Geophysics >Seismic refraction tomography imaging of high-permeability zones beneath an earthen dam, in Zaria area, Nigeria
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Seismic refraction tomography imaging of high-permeability zones beneath an earthen dam, in Zaria area, Nigeria

机译：尼日利亚扎里亚地区土坝下高渗透区的地震折射层析成像

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Within the subsurface, a few highly-permeable zones may dominate the overall flow regime, strongly influencing the seepage of water through the flanks of an earthen dam. In this paper, an attempt is made to provide a frame work for the characterization and mapping of subsurface channels for water seepage in the vicinity of dams. To obtain detailed information on these subsurface channels, Seismic refraction data were acquired along the two flanks of the dam, each with five profiles, some of which run parallel and perpendicular to the axis of the dam. The acquired data were processed with tomography inversion methods. From the result, more than five different layers were identified within the area. In some profiles, the models suggest thick deposits of sediments overlying the basement. The sporadic velocity gradient within the shallow zones is attributed to the discontinuous and heterogeneous nature of the overburden layers. Consequently, there are high velocity regimes whose values are comparable with those of the unweathered basement. These high regimes may be due to the presence of highly dried and consolidated laterite in the overburden. However, the identified subsurface channels were consistent with low velocity zones indicating high permeable channels in form of loose ground within the overburden. The borehole log data correlated perfectly with the tomography sections as far as the thickness and lithology of the strata from the surface to the basement, is concerned. Hence these potential channels for seepage within the shallow subsurface of the dam, were mapped and identified as loose ground. Therefore, the method proved excellent for delineating these seepage channels within the subsurface of an earthen dam.
机译：在地下，一些高渗透率区域可能会主导整个水流状态，从而强烈影响水通过土坝侧面的渗流。在本文中，试图为大坝附近渗水的地下通道的表征和测绘提供框架。为了获得有关这些地下通道的详细信息，沿着大坝的两个侧面采集了地震折射数据，每个侧面都有五个剖面，其中一些剖面平行于垂直于大坝的轴线。用断层扫描反演方法处理采集的数据。根据结果​​，在该区域内确定了五个以上的不同层。在某些剖面中，模型表明基底上空有厚厚的沉积物。浅层区域内的零星速度梯度归因于覆盖层的不连续性和非均质性。因此，存在一些高速状态，其速度与未风化地下室的速度相当。这些高制度可能是由于覆盖层中存在高度干燥和固结的红土。但是，确定的地下通道与低速带一致，表明上覆岩层内以松散地面的形式存在高渗透性通道。就从地表到基底的地层厚度和岩性而言，井眼测井数据与断层扫描断面完全相关。因此，在大坝浅层地下渗流的这些潜在通道被标绘并确定为松散地面。因此，该方法被证明是很好的方法，用于勾勒出土坝地下的渗流通道。

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