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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Archaeological Science >Human impact around settlement sites: a phytolith and mineralogical study for assessing site boundaries, phytolith preservation, and implications for spatial reconstructions using plant remains
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Human impact around settlement sites: a phytolith and mineralogical study for assessing site boundaries, phytolith preservation, and implications for spatial reconstructions using plant remains

机译：人类对定居点周围的影响：一项植物岩体和矿物学研究，用于评估场地边界，植物岩体的保存及其对利用植物遗迹进行空间重建的影响

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摘要

Defining the extent of human activity around settlement sites is of particular significance in archaeology as it may define peripheral activity areas and thus the site's boundary. In Near Eastern archaeology, site boundaries are usually defined by the presence of architectural and other macroscopic archaeological remains. Here we use the phytolith concentrations and morphotype assemblages, as well as changes in the mineralogical composition of the sediments in and around the small Iron Age site of Izbet Sartah in central Israel to determine the site boundaries. The site has a shallow stratigraphy and highly bioturbated sediments. Coincidental changes in the clay/quartz ratio and phytolith concentrations define the boundary between high and low impact anthropogenic activities. This boundary is generally some 20 m away from the architectural remains. In addition, we note that the phytoliths in the site's core show clear evidence of having been affected by chemical dissolution (i.e., diagenesis), while those in the vicinity of the site's boundary have undergone severe diagenesis. These observations indicate that phytolith diagenesis will affect site boundaries determination, as well as phytolith-based reconstructions of activity areas. We propose that phytolith preservation depends on the initial amount of available silica, the depth of burial with respect to the active root area of modern vegetation, and the presence of fresh phytoliths in the soil.
机译：定义居民点周围人类活动的范围在考古学中具有特别重要的意义，因为它可能会定义外围活动区域，从而确定该地点的边界。在近东考古中，场地边界通常由建筑和其他宏观考古遗迹的存在来定义。在这里，我们使用植物岩体的浓度和形态型组合，以及以色列中部伊兹贝特·萨尔塔的小铁器时代遗址及其周围地区的沉积物的矿物学组成变化来确定场地边界。该地层地层较浅，沉积物高度生物扰动。粘土/石英比和植物硅酸盐浓度的同时变化定义了高冲击力和低冲击力的人为活动之间的界限。该边界通常距离建筑遗迹约20 m。此外，我们注意到，该地点核心的植物石板显示出明显的证据，表明其已受到化学溶解作用（即成岩作用）的影响，而位于该地点边界附近的那些则经历了严重的成岩作用。这些观察表明，植硅石的成岩作用将影响位点边界的确定，以及活动区基于植石的重建。我们建议，保留硅藻土取决于初始可用二氧化硅的量，埋葬深度（相对于现代植被的活跃根部区域）以及土壤中是否存在新鲜硅藻土。

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