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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Archaeological Science >Raw material availability, flaking quality, and hunter—gatherer technological decision making in northern Tierra del Fuego Island (southern South America)
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Raw material availability, flaking quality, and hunter—gatherer technological decision making in northern Tierra del Fuego Island (southern South America)

机译：Tierra del Fuego岛北部（南美洲南部）的原材料供应量，剥落质量和猎人—收集器技术决策

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摘要

The technological organization and lithic raw material procurement of Holocene hunter—gatherers have been topics of considerable interest in northern Tierra del Fuego Island. Ongoing archaeological inves-tigations indicate that most of the rocks employed by native human populations came from secondary deposits of fluvio-glacial and marine origin. However, a primary geological source for two distinctive lithologies has been recently discovered near the Chorrillo Miraflores Valley (Tierra del Fuego, Chile). These raw materials became the focus of further research since one of them (a silicified tuff) has been identified in several archaeological sites of Tierra del Fuego. Some of these sites are located more than a hundred kilometers away from the source. A regional survey of potential lithic sources along with petrographic and geochemical analyses confirmed that the silicified tuff is only available at Chorrillo Miraflores. Here we present the technological analysis of artifacts manufactured on Miraflores silicified tuff that were recovered from the Argentine portion of northern Tierra del Fuego composed of Espiritu Santo and San Sebastian Capes. The role of utilitarian currencies in the prehistoric use of this lithology is assessed through the application of the Metcalfe and Barlow (1992) field processing model. The results show that this raw material may not have been exclusively selected for its flaking quality, although an alternative functional efficiency hypothesis is also introduced. Finally, its spatially restricted availability as well as unique macroscopic aspect suggests its selection and use may have been mainly influenced by social factors.
机译：在火地岛北部，人们对全新世猎人的采集者的技术组织和石质原材料的采购产生了浓厚的兴趣。正在进行的考古调查表明，原住民使用的大多数岩石都来自河流冰河和海洋的次生矿床。但是，最近在Chorrillo Miraflores山谷（智利火地岛）附近发现了两种独特岩性的主要地质来源。这些原料成为进一步研究的重点，因为其中一种（硅化凝灰岩）已在火地岛的几处考古遗址中被发现。其中一些站点距离源头一百多公里。一项对潜在岩性来源的区域调查以及岩石学和地球化学分析证实，硅化凝灰岩仅在Chorrillo Miraflores可用。在这里，我们介绍了从米拉弗洛雷斯硅化凝灰岩上制造的文物的技术分析，这些文物是从圣埃斯皮里图和圣塞巴斯蒂安海角组成的北蒂拉德尔韦戈省的阿根廷部分中回收的。功利主义货币在这种岩性的史前应用中的作用是通过Metcalfe和Barlow（1992）现场处理模型的应用来评估的。结果表明，尽管还引入了替代的功能效率假说，但该原料可能不是因为其剥落质量而专门选择的。最后，其空间受限的可用性以及独特的宏观方面表明，其选择和使用可能主要受社会因素的影响。

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