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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Archaeological Science >Metallurgical findings from a Viking Age chieftain's farm in Iceland
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Metallurgical findings from a Viking Age chieftain's farm in Iceland

机译：冰岛维京时代酋长农场的冶金发现

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The metalworking, metal import, and use of metal in medieval Iceland is still little understood. When the Scandinavian settlers colonized Iceland in the 9th c. AD, the island was found to contain no useful metal deposits save for bog iron, and the deforestation that followed the settlement resulted in a scarcity of wood. Only in the last decades have archaeological excavations begun to unravel how the first Icelanders dealt with this lack of resources. This paper presents the metallurgical findings from a Viking Age chieftain's farmstead at Hrisbru in the Mosfell valley, located just outside Iceland's present-day capital Reykjavik. The excavated metal objects had all been crafted with good workmanship employing technology similar to that used in mainland Scandinavia. However, most excavated metal finds show evidence of re-use, which together with the second-grade metal in some of the objects indicates a shortage of raw material that prompted the Icelandic colonizers to improvise and make do with whatever material was at hand. Even though this chieftain's farm was materially poorer than contemporaneous high-status farms in mainland Scandinavia, it was wealthy by Icelandic standards. The analytical results show that some excavated objects were imported trade goods deriving from both neighboring and far-away localities, proving that the farm was part of the extensive trade network of the Viking world. Most likely, this farm represents the upper limit to what a Viking Age farm in Iceland could afford in terms of material objects and trade goods.
机译：在中世纪的冰岛，金属加工，金属进口和金属使用仍然鲜为人知。斯堪的纳维亚定居者在公元9世纪殖民冰岛。公元后，该岛被发现没有任何有用的金属沉积物，除了沼泽铁，定居后的森林砍伐导致木材短缺。仅在最近的几十年中，考古发掘才开始阐明冰岛第一批冰岛人如何应对这种资源短缺的情况。本文介绍了位于摩斯费尔山谷（Mosfell）谷地Hrisbru的维京时代首领农场的冶金学发现，该地块位于冰岛现今的首都雷克雅未克（Reykjavik）外。挖掘出的金属物品均采用与斯堪的纳维亚大陆相似的技术，以良好的工艺精湛工艺制成。但是，大多数挖掘出的金属发现都显示出可以再利用的证据，这些证据与某些物品中的二级金属一起表明缺乏原材料，这促使冰岛殖民者即兴创作并使用了现有的任何材料。尽管这个酋长的农场比斯堪的纳维亚大陆同期的高地位农场要穷得多，但按照冰岛的标准，它还是很富裕的。分析结果表明，出土的一些物品是来自邻国和遥远地区的进口贸易商品，证明该农场是维京世界广泛贸易网络的一部分。就物质物品和贸易商品而言，该农场很可能代表了冰岛维京时代农场所能负担的上限。

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