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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of applied toxicology >Autophagy in toxicology: Self-consumption in times of stress and plenty
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Autophagy in toxicology: Self-consumption in times of stress and plenty

机译：毒理学中的自噬：在压力和充足时自我消耗

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Autophagy is a critical cellular process orchestrating the lysosomal degradation of cellular components in order to maintain cellular homeostasis and respond to cellular stress. A growing research effort over the last decade has proven autophagy to be essential for constitutive protein and organelle turnover, for embryoniceonatal survival and for cell survival during conditions of environmental stress. Emphasizing its biological importance, dysfunctional autophagy contributes to a diverse set of human diseases. Cellular stress induced by xenobiotic exposure typifies environmental stress, and can result in the induction of autophagy as a cytoprotective mechanism. An increasing number of xenobiotics are notable for their ability to modulate the induction or the rate of autophagy. The role of autophagy in normal cellular homeostasis, the intricate relationship between cellular stress and the induction of autophagy, and the identification of specific xenobiotics capable of modulating autophagy, point to the importance of the autophagic process in toxicology. This review will summarize the importance of autophagy and its role in cellular response to stress, including examples in which consideration of autophagy has contributed to a more complete understanding of toxicant-perturbed systems.
机译：自噬是协调细胞成分的溶酶体降解以维持细胞稳态并响应细胞应激的关键细胞过程。在过去的十年中，越来越多的研究工作证明自噬对于组成型蛋白质和细胞器的更新，对于胚胎/新生儿存活以及在环境压力条件下的细胞存活至关重要。功能失调的自噬强调其生物学重要性，导致了多种人类疾病。异源生物暴露引起的细胞应激代表了环境应激，并可能导致自噬作为细胞保护机制的诱导。越来越多的异生素以其调节诱导或自噬速率的能力而著称。自噬在正常细胞内稳态中的作用，细胞应激与自噬诱导之间的复杂关系以及对能够调节自噬的特定异生物素的鉴定指出了自噬过程在毒理学中的重要性。这篇综述将总结自噬的重要性及其在细胞对应激的反应中的作用，其中包括自噬的考虑有助于更全面地了解受毒物干扰的系统的例子。

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