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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of applied social psychology >Professionalism and helping: Harmonious or discordant concepts? An attribution theory perspective
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Professionalism and helping: Harmonious or discordant concepts? An attribution theory perspective

机译：专业精神和帮助：和谐还是矛盾的概念？归因理论的观点

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摘要

In examining whether a leader's professionalism implies more or fewer helping behaviors for followers, this study designed a model integrating attributional theory explanations with professionalism to predict helping behaviors. Four distinct helping behaviors were conceptualized: supporting, motivating, referral, and rejection. Qualitative methods used in the study consisted of content analysis of interviews with 12 superiors at healthcare organizations concerning their means of helping staff, and the circumstances. Quantitative data were gathered by an experimental design in which four case studies were presented to each of 171 healthcare superiors, who were asked to deal with a distressed staff nurse whose stability and controllability of the distress were rated either high or low. Superiors' professionalism was assessed. Results indicated that the relationship between professionalism and helping was complex, and critically dependent upon the type of helping behaviors provided, the help provider's professionalism, and attributions of the help seeker's controllability and stability. The qualitative and quantitative results favor attribution explanations, and imply that highly professional superiors provide higher levels of supporting, motivating, and rejecting helping behaviors as means to maintain professionalism of staff.
机译：在研究领导者的敬业精神是否意味着对跟随者的帮助行为更多或更少时，本研究设计了一个模型，该模型将归因理论解释与敬业精神相结合，以预测帮助行为。概念化了四种不同的帮助行为：支持，激励，推荐和拒绝。该研究中使用的定性方法包括对医疗机构12名上级进行访谈的内容分析，这些访谈涉及他们帮助员工的方式和情况。通过实验设计收集了定量数据，其中向171名医疗上级中的每位上级分别进行了四个案例研究，他们被要求与一名苦恼的护士配合，该护士的苦恼的稳定性和可控制性被评为“高”或“低”。评估了上级的专业素养。结果表明，专业精神与帮助之间的关系是复杂的，并且严重取决于所提供的帮助行为的类型，帮助提供者的专业水平以及寻求帮助者的可控性和稳定性的属性。定性和定量的结果有利于归因解释，并暗示高度专业的上级提供更高水平的支持，激励和拒绝帮助行为，以维持员工的专业水平。

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