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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of athletic training >Changes in lower extremity biomechanics due to a short-term fatigue protocol
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Changes in lower extremity biomechanics due to a short-term fatigue protocol

机译：短期疲劳方案导致下肢生物力学的变化

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Context: Noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injury has been reported to occur during the later stages of a game when fatigue is most likely present. Few researchers have focused on progressive changes in lower extremity biomechanics that occur throughout fatiguing. Objective: To evaluate the effects of a sequential fatigue protocol on lower extremity biomechanics during a sidestepcutting task (SS). Design: Controlled laboratory study. Setting: Laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: Eighteen uninjured female collegiate soccer players (age = 19.2 ± 0.9 years, height = 1.66 ± 0.5 m, mass = 61.6 ± 5.1 kg) volunteered. Intervention(s): The independent variable was fatigue level, with 3 levels (prefatigue, 50% fatigue, and 100% fatigue). Using 3-dimensional motion capture, we assessed lower extremity biomechanics during the SS. Participants alternated between a fatigue protocol that solicited different muscle groups and mimicked actual sport situations and unanticipated SS trials. The process was repeated until fatigue was attained. Main Outcome Measure(s): Dependent variables were hipand knee-flexion and abduction angles and internal moments measured at initial contact and peak stance and defined as measures obtained between 0% and 50% of stance phase. Results: Knee-flexion angle decreased from prefatigue (-178 ± 5°) to 50% fatigue (-168 ± 6°) and to 100% fatigue (-148 ± 4°) (F2,34 = 5.112, P = .004). Knee flexion at peak stance increased from prefatigue (-52.98 ± 5.6°) to 50% fatigue (-56.18 ± 7.2°) but decreased from 50% to 100% fatigue (-50.58 ± 7.1°) (F 2,34 = 8.282, P = 001). Knee-adduction moment at peak stance increased from prefatigue (0.49 ± 0.23 Nm/kgm) to 50% fatigue (0.55 ± 0.25 Nm/kgm) but decreased from 50% to 100% fatigue (0.37 ± 0.24) (F2,34 = 3.755, P = 03). Hip-flexion angle increased from prefatigue (45.48 ± 10.9°) to 50% fatigue (46.28 ± 11.2°) but decreased from 50% to 100% fatigue (40.98 ± 11.3°) (F 2,34 = 6.542, P = .004). Hip flexion at peak stance increased from prefatigue (49.88 ± 9.9°) to 50% fatigue (52.98 ± 12.1°) but decreased from 50% to 100% fatigue (46.38 ± 12.9°) (F 2,34 = 8.639, P = 001). Hip-abduction angle at initial contact decreased from prefatigue (-13.88 ± 6.6°) to 50% fatigue (-9.18 ± 6.5°) and to 100% fatigue (-7.88 ± 6.5°) (F 2,34 = 11.228, P .001). Hip-adduction moment decreased from prefatigue (0.14 ± 0.13 Nm/kgm) to 50% fatigue (0.08 ± 0.13 Nm/kgm) and to 100% fatigue (0.06 ± 0.05 Nm/kg) (F2,34 = 5.767, P = .007). Conclusions: The detrimental effects of fatigue on sagittal and frontal mechanics of the hip and knee were visible at 50% of the participants' maximal fatigue and became more marked at 100% fatigue. Anterior cruciate ligament injury-prevention programs should emphasize feedback on proper mechanics throughout an entire practice and not only at the beginning of practice.
机译：背景：据报道，非接触式前交叉韧带损伤发生在比赛的后期，最有可能出现疲劳。很少有研究者关注整个疲劳过程中发生的下肢生物力学的逐步变化。目的：评估连续性疲劳规程对侧切任务（SS）期间下肢生物力学的影响。设计：对照实验室研究。地点：实验室。患者或其他参与者：18名未受伤的女大学生足球运动员（年龄= 19.2±0.9岁，身高= 1.66±0.5 m，体重= 61.6±5.1 kg）自愿参加。干预措施：自变量是疲劳水平，共有3个水平（疲劳，50％疲劳和100％疲劳）。使用三维运动捕捉，我们评估了SS期间的下肢生物力学。参与者在疲劳方案之间进行了交替，疲劳方案征集了不同的肌肉群，并模拟了实际的运动情况和意料之外的SS试验。重复该过程直到达到疲劳。主要观察指标：因变量为髋和膝屈曲，外展角度以及在初始接触和站立姿势时测得的内部力矩，并定义为在0％至50％的站立姿势阶段获得的测量值。结果：膝关节屈曲角度从疲劳前（-178±5°）降至50％疲劳（-168±6°）和100％疲劳（-148±4°）（F2,34 = 5.112，P = .004 ）。峰值姿势时的膝部屈曲从疲劳前（-52.98±5.6°）增加到50％疲劳（-56.18±7.2°），但从50％疲劳（-100.58±7.1°）降低到100％（F 2,34 = 8.282， P = 001）。处于峰值姿势的膝盖内收力矩从疲劳前（0.49±0.23 Nm / kgm）增加到50％疲劳（0.55±0.25 Nm / kgm），但从50％疲劳降至100％疲劳（0.37±0.24）（F2,34 = 3.755 ，P = 03）。髋关节屈曲角度从疲劳前（45.48±10.9°）增加到50％疲劳（46.28±11.2°），但从50％疲劳到100％疲劳（40.98±11.3°）减小（F 2,34 = 6.542，P = .004 ）。峰值姿势时的髋部屈曲从疲劳前（49.88±9.9°）增加到50％疲劳（52.98±12.1°），但从50％疲劳（100％）降至100％疲劳（46.38±12.9°）（F 2,34 = 8.639，P = 001 ）。初次接触时的髋关节外展角度从疲劳前（-13.88±6.6°）降至50％疲劳（-9.18±6.5°）和100％疲劳（-7.88±6.5°）（F 2,34 = 11.228，P < .001）。髋关节内收力矩从疲劳前（0.14±0.13 Nm / kgm）降至50％疲劳（0.08±0.13 Nm / kgm）和100％疲劳（0.06±0.05 Nm / kgm）（F2,34 = 5.767，P =。 007）。结论：在参与者最大疲劳的50％处可见疲劳对髋和膝矢状和额叶力学的有害影响，在100％疲劳下更为明显。前交叉韧带损伤的预防计划应在整个练习过程中而不是在练习开始时就强调对适当力学的反馈。

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