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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics >A survey of brassica vegetable smallholder farmers in the Gauteng and Limpopo provinces of South Africa
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A survey of brassica vegetable smallholder farmers in the Gauteng and Limpopo provinces of South Africa

机译：南非豪登省和林波波省的芸苔属蔬菜小农户调查

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A study was taken to investigate the types of brassica vegetables mostly grown by smallholder farmers in two provinces of South Africa. Thirty-one smallholder vegetable farmers in the Gauteng province and Waterberg district in the Limpopo province were surveyed. In addition, the study also sought to establish the common diseases, the management strategies used and problems encountered by the farmers. Farmers were interviewed using a questionnaire with closed and open-ended questions. The results indicated that the smallholder fanners mostly grew cabbage (93.6 %) as their main brassica crop followed by rape (41.2 %). Thirty percent of farmers could not identify or name the predominant disease/s encountered in their fields. Major diseases encountered byfarmers surveyed were an unknown disease/s (33.3 %), black rot (26.7 %), Alternaria leaf spot (6.7 %) and white rust (6.7 %). Smallholder farmers have inadequate technical information available especially relating to crop diseases, their identification and control. Farmers encountered challenges with black rot disease especially on cabbage, rape and kale and the disease was a problem during winter and summer. Generally, the smallholder farmers used crop rotation (74.2 %) as a major practice to manage the diseases experienced. They rotated their brassica vegetables with other crops/vegetables like tomatoes, onions, beetroots and maize. Most of the fanners interviewed (61.3 %) did not use chemicals to control diseases, whereas 38.7 % of them used chemicals. This was mostly because they lacked information and knowledge, high costs associated with use of chemical fungicides and some were shifting towards organic farming. From the study it was noted that there was a need for technical support to improve farmers' knowledge on disease identification and control within the surveyed areas.
机译：进行了一项研究，以调查南非两个省的小农户主要种植的芸苔蔬菜类型。对豪登省和林波波省的沃特贝格区的31位小农蔬菜农户进行了调查。此外，该研究还试图确定常见疾病，所采用的管理策略以及农民遇到的问题。使用带有封闭式和开放式问题的问卷对农民进行了采访。结果表明，小农户的主要种植白菜（93.6％）作为其主要的芸苔作物，其次是油菜（41.2％）。 30％的农民无法识别或说出其田间遇到的主要疾病。接受调查的农民遇到的主要疾病是未知疾病（33.3％），黑腐病（26.7％），链格孢属叶斑病（6.7％）和白锈病（6.7％）。小农户的可用技术信息不足，特别是有关作物病害，其识别和控制的技术信息。农民在黑腐病方面遇到了挑战，尤其是卷心菜，油菜和羽衣甘蓝，在冬季和夏季，这种病是一个问题。通常，小农户将轮作（74.2％）作为管理所患疾病的主要做法。他们将芸苔属蔬菜与其他农作物/蔬菜（例如西红柿，洋葱，甜菜根和玉米）一起旋转。接受采访的大多数爱好者（61.3％）没有使用化学药品来控制疾病，而其中38.7％的使用化学药品。这主要是因为他们缺乏信息和知识，与化学杀真菌剂的使用相关的高成本，还有一些正在转向有机农业。从研究中注意到，有必要提供技术支持以提高农民对被调查地区内疾病识别和控制的认识。

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