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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Applied Ichthyology >Feeding habits of the Pacific bearded brotula Brotula clarkae Hubbs, 1944 (Ophidiidae) along the Pacific coast of Costa Rica, Central America
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Feeding habits of the Pacific bearded brotula Brotula clarkae Hubbs, 1944 (Ophidiidae) along the Pacific coast of Costa Rica, Central America

机译：1944年，中美洲哥斯达黎加太平洋沿岸的太平洋大胡子硬毛布鲁氏菌Brotula clarkae Hubbs（Ophidiidae）的摄食习性

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摘要

The present study analyzed the diet composition, ontogenetic shifts and dietary overlap of Brotula clarkae in relation to stage of maturity and sex. Samples were collected from the trawling fishery along the Pacific coast of Costa Rica (2011-2012) at depths ranging from 41.4 to 168.3 m; however, over 80% of the sampled fish were obtained at depths between 50 and 75 m. Size ranged from 14.4 to 98.4 cm total length. Of the 323 analyzed stomachs, 44.3% were from males, 86% were from immature individuals, and 49.8% had at least one prey item. According to the prey-specific index of relative importance (PSIRI), decapod shrimps were the most important prey (57.6% P-SIRIi) followed by teleosts (28.2% P-SIRIi), stomatopods (10.8% P-SIRIi), and crabs (3.3% P-SIRIi). Male and female B. clarkae exhibited a high dietary overlap (C-H = 0.94). Immature B. clarkae consumed primarily shrimps and crabs (71.5% of stomachs from immature specimens contained shrimps, which accounted for over 66.0% P-SIRIi); mature individuals consumed a large proportion of teleosts and stomatopods, which together contributed to over 91.0% P-SIRIi. Both immature and mature B. clarkae overlapped spatially with the commercial trawling fishery grounds along the Pacific coast of Costa Rica. However, juveniles feed predominantly on shrimps, suggesting that immature B. clarkae may be subjected to high fishing pressure as by-catch, making them particularly vulnerable to overexploitation.
机译：本研究分析了Brotula clarkae的饮食组成，个体发育变化和饮食重叠与成熟和性别阶段的关系。从哥斯达黎加太平洋沿岸拖网渔场（2011-2012年）采集的样本深度为41.4至168.3 m;然而，超过50％的鱼是在50至75 m的深度处获得的。尺寸范围为总长度的14.4至98.4厘米。在分析的323个胃中，男性占44.3％，未成熟个体占86％，至少有一个猎物占49.8％。根据特定于猎物的相对重要性指数（PSIRI），十足动物是最重要的猎物（57.6％P-SIRIi），其次是硬骨鱼（28.2％P-SIRIi），气孔足（10.8％P-SIRIi）和螃蟹。 （3.3％P-SIRIi）。雄性和雌性克拉克酒在饮食上有很高的重叠（C-H = 0.94）。未成熟的克拉克酒主要食用虾和蟹（未成熟标本中71.5％的胃含虾，占P-SIRIi的66.0％以上）;成熟的个体消耗了大量的硬骨鱼和气孔足，它们共同贡献了91.0％以上的P-SIRIi。未成熟的和成熟的B. clarkae在空间上与哥斯达黎加太平洋沿岸的商业拖网渔场重叠。但是，幼鱼主要以虾为食，这表明未成熟的克拉克氏杆菌可能在副渔获物的作用下承受较高的捕捞压力，这使其特别容易受到过度捕捞的影响。

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