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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Biogeography >Repeated vicariance of Eurasian songbird lineages since the Late Miocene
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Repeated vicariance of Eurasian songbird lineages since the Late Miocene

机译：自中新世晚期以来，欧亚鸣禽谱系屡屡遭到破坏

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The evolution of avian speciation patterns across much of Eurasia is under-explored. Excepting phylogeographic patterns of single species, or speciation involving the Himalayas, there has been no attempt to understand the evolution of avian distributional patterns across the rest of the continent. Within many genera there is a pattern of (presumed) sister species occurring in adjacent areas (western, eastern or southern Eurasia), yet this pattern cannot be explained by existing biogeographic barriers. My aim was to examine the possible role of climate-driven vicariance events in generating avian distributions. Eurasia. I constructed a molecular phylogeny of Phoenicurus redstarts, and assembled phylogenetic data from published studies of seven other Eurasian bird genera. On each phylogeny, I assessed the distributional patterns of species and clades relative to refugial areas in western, eastern and southern Eurasia. I also estimated the timing of lineage divergences via a molecular clock, to determine whether distributional patterns can be explained by well-defined periods of climate change in Eurasia that are recorded from dated sediments in the Chinese Loess Plateau. Species relationships in a well-supported phylogeny of Phoenicurus show a pattern of distributions consistent with repeated speciation in major refugial areas, where one lineage is isolated in a single area of Eurasia relative to its sister lineage. This same pattern is evident in Eurasian Turdus thrushes, and six additional avian genera distributed across Eurasia. Molecular clock dating indicates that divergences within each genus are the result of multiple rounds of speciation in refugia through time, during major climate-driven episodes of vicariance. Analyses revealed substantial evidence supporting a repeated, non-random pattern of speciation within and across eight songbird lineages since the Late Miocene. The pattern of speciation supports a model of isolation in refugia during major episodes of vicariance, specifically periods of either intensified desertification of Central Asia or Eurasian glacial cycles. The densely sampled clades used here preclude inter-continental dispersal as an alternative explanation for distributions. The signature of climate-driven vicariance across epochs is, given the absence of extant biogeographic barriers, a suitable hypothesis to explain major lineage divergences in widely distributed Eurasian songbird lineages.
机译：欧亚大陆大部分地区鸟类物种形成方式的演变尚未得到充分研究。除了单一物种的植物地理学模式或涉及喜马拉雅山的物种形成，没有尝试了解整个非洲大陆其他地区鸟类分布模式的演变。在许多属中，在邻近地区（欧亚大陆的西部，东部或南部）存在着一种（推测的）姊妹物种的格局，但是这种格局不能用现有的生物地理学障碍来解释。我的目的是研究气候驱动的迁徙事件在产生鸟类分布中的可能作用。欧亚大陆。我构建了红嘴uru（Phoenicurus redstarts）的分子系统发育，并收集了来自其他七个欧亚鸟类的已发表研究的系统发育数据。在每个系统发育上，我评估了相对于欧亚大陆西部，东部和南部避难区的物种和进化枝的分布模式。我还通过分子钟估计了谱系发散的时间，以确定是否可以用从中国黄土高原过时的沉积物记录下来的欧亚大陆明确定义的气候变化时期来解释分布模式。腓尼基陆架系统支持良好的物种关系显示出一种分布模式，与主要避难所地区的重复物种形成一致，相对于其姊妹世系，一个世系被孤立在欧亚大陆的一个地区。欧亚Turdus鹅口疮和在欧亚大陆上分布着另外六个鸟类属也很明显。分子钟定年​​表明每个属内的差异是在气候驱动的主要事件发作期间，随着时间的流逝，避难所经历了多轮物种形成的结果。分析表明，有充分的证据支持自中新世以来八种鸣禽谱系内和跨谱系重复，非随机的物种形成模式。物种形成的模式支持了在重大事件期间（特别是中亚沙漠化加剧或欧亚冰川周期的时期）避难所中的孤立模式。这里使用的密集采样进化枝排除了洲际扩散作为分布的替代解释。鉴于不存在现存的生物地理障碍，跨时代气候驱动的征兆的特征是一个合适的假设，可以解释广泛分布的欧亚鸣禽谱系中的主要谱系差异。

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