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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Biomechanics >Investigation of impact loading rate effects on the ligamentous cervical spinal load-partitioning using finite element model of functional spinal unit C2-C3
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Investigation of impact loading rate effects on the ligamentous cervical spinal load-partitioning using finite element model of functional spinal unit C2-C3

机译：应用功能性脊柱单元C2-C3的有限元模型研究冲击负荷率对颈椎韧带负荷分配的影响

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摘要

The cervical spine functions as a complex mechanism that responds to sudden loading in a unique manner, due to intricate structural features and kinematics. The spinal load-sharing under pure compression and sagittal flexion/extension at two different impact rates were compared using a bio-fidelic finite element (FE) model of the ligamentous cervical functional spinal unit (FSU) C2-C3. This model was developed using a comprehensive and realistic geometry of spinal components and material laws that include strain rate dependency, bone fracture, and ligament failure. The range of motion, contact pressure in facet joints, failure forces in ligaments were compared to experimental findings. The model demonstrated that resistance of spinal components to impact load is dependent on loading rate and direction. For the loads applied, stress increased with loading rate in all spinal components, and was concentrated in the outer intervertebral disc (IVD), regions of ligaments to bone attachment, and in the cancellous bone of the facet joints. The highest stress in ligaments was found in capsular ligament (CL) in all cases. Intradiscal pressure (IDP) in the nucleus was affected by loading rate change. It increased under compression/flexion but decreased under extension. Contact pressure in the facet joints showed less variation under compression, but increased significantly under flexion/extension particularly under extension. Cancellous bone of the facet joints region was the only component fractured and fracture occurred under extension at both rates. The cervical ligaments were the primary load-bearing component followed by the IVD, endplates and cancellous bone however, the latter was the most vulnerable to extension as it fractured at low energy impact.
机译：由于复杂的结构特征和运动学，颈椎作为一种复杂的机制以独特的方式响应突然的负荷。使用韧带颈椎功能性脊髓单元（FSU）C2-C3的生物弹性有限元（FE）模型，比较了在两种不同的撞击速率下，纯压缩力和矢状屈曲/伸展力下的脊柱负荷分担。该模型是使用全面且逼真的脊柱组件几何形状和包括应变率依赖性，骨折和韧带破坏的材料定律开发的。将运动范围，小关节的接触压力，韧带的破坏力与实验结果进行了比较。该模型表明，脊柱组件对冲击负荷的抵抗力取决于负荷率和方向。对于所施加的载荷，应力在所有脊柱组件中均随着载荷速率的增加而增加，并且集中在椎间盘外（IVD），韧带与骨骼的附着区域以及小关节的松质骨中。在所有情况下，韧带中应力最高的是荚膜韧带（CL）。加载速率的变化会影响细胞核内的跨颅压（IDP）。它在压缩/屈曲下增加，但在伸展下减少。小关节的接触压力在压缩下显示较少的变化，但在屈曲/伸展下尤其是在伸展下明显增加。小关节区域的松质骨是唯一断裂的部件，并且在两种速率下均在延伸下发生断裂。颈椎韧带是主要的承重成分，其次是IVD，终板和松质骨，但后者在低能量冲击下破裂时最容易伸长。

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